... review of the level of custody pursuant to subsection 28.1(1), the justice before whom, or the youth court or review board before which, the hearing, trial or review is held shall advise the young person of his right to be represented by counsel and shall give the young person a ... with paragraph (4)(b). Young person may be assisted by adult (7) Where a young person is not represented by counsel at his trial or at a hearing or review referred to in subsection (3), the justice before whom or the youth court or review board before which the proceedings are held may, on ... history of alt...

• Word Count: 12342
• Approx Pages: 49
• Grade Level: High School

... the 20th century, with approximately one million people killed during the time period of only three months in the year 1994. "The international community did too little to prevent the genocide, but wanted through establishing the International Tribunal for Rwanda (the Arusha Tribunal), to prosecute the main ... international criminal law; The defense that the suspects were not aware of the law will not be Permissible(Rome Statute)." The ICC will begin hearing trials for crimes committed only after July 1, 2002. Any crime committed before this date does not fall under the Rome Statute and...

• Word Count: 1676
• Approx Pages: 7

... present and often provides advice on the situation and makes sure the client's rights are not violated. They get to discuss the case during the preliminary hearing. During the rest of the system, the discuss plea negotiations, and take part in jury selection, while also preparing clients for outcomes, and if necessary ... . 13) Define probation and describe its role in the criminal justice system: Probation is when an offender is allowed to live in the community under supervision. Usually they are supposed to be straightening up their lives. There are specific rules that they are given to...

• Word Count: 2266
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... offenders from the criminal justice system, resolving family conflicts, facilitating the movement of people and vehicles, preserving civil order during emergencies, providing emergency medical care, and improving police-community relations. Unfortunately, the ideal conditions of objectivity, fairness, and equal rights under which the nation's courts should operate are rarely achieved. Court dockets are too crowded and funds ... turn the case over to the prosecutor's office. A decision will then be made whether to file a complaint, with the courts having jurisdiction will actually try th...

• Word Count: 2061
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"How long should juveniles remain in institutions?" If, after a disposition hearing, the juvenile court judge finds that the community is inadequate to deal with the special needs of a delinquent youth, he or she may then be referred to the state department of youth services for confinement in a ... on Civil and Political Rights," this placement will take into consideration their age and promote their rehabilitation. Their stay in these institutions is supposed to help them re-enter the community and become productive members of society. It is often times very difficult to determine when a y...

• Word Count: 730
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law." Without "fairness" the criminal justice "system" or "process" would be a shambles. Justice would rarely ... another type of evidence that is excluded in a criminal trial. This evidence is excluded in order to protect the rights of everyday people in the community. It stops the police invading your house with no permission from the court, beating you into a co...

• Word Count: 2068
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for children under 14 years of age, a fingerprint card and a biographic information form from the nearest office of the Immigration and Naturalization Service or from a social service agency in the community. For him or herself one must fill out Form N-400. If it is for a child fill out Form N - 402. The Application, the fingerprint card, and the Biographic Information form if ... service, the applicant must go for a test. If eligible, after the test, the applicant is to feel out a paper known as a petition for naturalization, in the court. The Final court hearing is after the examinati...

• Word Count: 1793
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... a solution for smaller or more minor consumer matters, with a neutral mediator helping the two disputing parties work out a legally non-binding solution. This form of remedy, found under the Community Justice Centres Act 1983 (NSW) provides a cheaper, more accessible way for consumers to express their dissatisfaction without resorting to the court system. However, being non-legally binding, its effectiveness is ... on the cooperation of the parties for the agreed solution to be put into action. Another alternative dispute resolution for consumers is arbitration, which takes the form of ...

• Word Count: 1149
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it was taken as a mitigating factor that the offence was not planned or premeditated. The rights of society have also been protected as this violent offender is removed from the community. Further crimes have been prevented both through general and specific deterrence. While the opportunity for rehabilitation and re-integration into society is provided in sentencing, Gittany was found to have ... the laws, and removed presumptions relating to bail, instead implementing a 'risk management test', whereby police or courts decide if the offender poses an unacceptable risk to the victim...

• Word Count: 1051
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the poor. Also even thought the rich person would pay more it still would be fair. Along with bail I think the person has to do a lot of community service. Bail is, I think an easy way for a person or should I say a criminal to get the easy way out, meaning if they commit a crime ... way up they what they are normaly than I do not think crimes would be commited more often and everything would be a lot safer for the community. For example, in places like China the sentancing for crime over there are twice as much as the crime are here, say if someone gets fifteen ... death for the rest o...

• Word Count: 2886
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . In 1984 the Supreme Court ruled that because of parens patriae (which was established in the England court system) juveniles could be held in detention until their court date or hearing (Cole and Smith). Over the centuries the juvenile justice processes has changed tremendously from differing from the adult court system to becoming very similar to it. It still remains less ... formal and its intentions are to rehabilitate, but keep juveniles in the community. Compared to adult court juvenile court is very lenient. In the Juvenile justice processes they are given three different options...

• Word Count: 826
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... law. In policing for instance, the Law Enforcement Code of Conduct specifies that one of the main duties of police is to protect people's rights, provide important services to the community, as well as enforce the law, prevent crime, and uphold the peace (International Association of Chiefs of Police, 2008). As a result, the crime control perspective can carry out its duties ... be able to afford lawyers to defend them resulting to unequal access to quality defense. Those who can afford private lawyers are less likely to remain in cell waiting for hearing. This may even make someone rec...

• Word Count: 1024
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , witness), arrest, custody (ticket at the scene, promise to appear in court), charging, preliminary hearing (enough evidence), arraignment (guilty, non-guilty), bail/detention, plea bargaining (DA offers a deal), trial (mistrial, hung jury), sentencing (prison time, fines), appeal (filed right after trial), correctional treatment (prison, fined), released (community service), and finally post release (probation, AA). Each one of these stages is an important ... ...

• Word Count: 698
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... one of the many families who have immigrated here in the states legally and illegally. This family fled their homeland because of the cruelty and injustice that they experienced there. Hearing of the poor conditions that these people experienced made me want to find out more life in Mexico. We live in a time that permits us to not only concern ourselves ... sworn protectors of the Mexican states abuse many of theses women under the shield of masks and government issued badges. Aurora Nazario Arrieta, who is a member of the Nahuatl-speaking community of San Miguel Tzinacapán, near Cuetz...

• Word Count: 1059
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... over publicly - funded or legal aid work - and the fees charged - where the bar has endured a further barrage of criticism that came to its climax with a house of lords" special hearing over the bills submitted by four QCs."- Frances Gibb, The Times Tuesday October 5 1999. However the need of cost effectiveness is not helped by the education system provided by this ... also holds back our legal profession as due to fees and the snobbery of the bar, it is increasingly difficult for those from ethnic backgrounds and those from the poorer community to join the legal profession. Due to thei...

• Word Count: 2026
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Most of the time, the victims deny that someone abused them, even though they may have a broken nose or black eye. I think that if a report is called in by a neighbor hearing a confrontation, which is how most reports are made, the police should immediately arrest the man responsible. Other people may say that the police already interfere too much by sometimes not ... whole thing where Clinton cant be prosecuted while he is president for whatever he did, despite the evidence they might have? Media greatly influences our judicial system by brainwashing our community to believe certain t...

• Word Count: 787
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... fairness of a decision. Jury One major factor ensuring a level playing field is the responsibility of the jury. The jury consists of seven people randomly selected from different areas of the community. Jury is a representation of the public, and its role is to analyse the facts of the case objectively as a reasonable person, and to decide as a group whether the defendant is ... they already had a decision in mind and I think that their bias will affect the ruling and hence a level playing field cannot be established. The Adversary system An Adversary system is a hearing where the plain...

• Word Count: 962
• Approx Pages: 4

... , religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. If communities (in Australia) are to redraw the balance between individual rights and rights of the community some individuals will lose their liberty, liberty which is guaranteed by the Rule of Law, liberty which every individual has the right to. A government in violation of the Rule of ... by the constitution or by law. Article 9: No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. Article 10: Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair, and public hearing by an indep...

• Word Count: 2239
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography