... - box that slanted back from the neck in a shallow curve. The body was an oval shape, like the outline of an egg, and it is most interesting to note that it's soundboard may have been made of skin, similarly to the modern Banjo. This skin was laced to the body and the frets ... a guitar that had a spruce top and papier-mché back. This proved his theory that it was the top of the guitar and which produced most of the volume. Torres was the founder of the guitar; he was also the inventor of the fan, which is a device at the top of ... guitars fame soon spread all across Europe from many g...

• Word Count: 1388
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... - box that slanted back from the neck in a shallow curve. The body was an oval shape, like the outline of an egg, and it is most interesting to note that it's soundboard may have been made of skin, similarly to the modern Banjo. This skin was laced to the body and the frets ... a guitar that had a spruce top and papier-mché back. This proved his theory that it was the top of the guitar and which produced most of the volume. Torres was the founder of the guitar; he was also the inventor of the fan, which is a device at the top of ... guitars fame soon spread all across Europe from many g...

• Word Count: 1385
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... armaments. Because of this, in the 1870's James Starley began to manufacture bicycles in Britain. He developed the high-wheel bicycle which became popular throughout Europe. He also developed spoked wheels and the cross-tangent method of spoking which is still in use today (Whitt 13-14). ... two other important modifications to the bicycle. The first was in 1888 when John Boyd Dunlop invented the pneumatic tire. This became extremely popular because it significantly smoothed out the ride of the bicycle and allowed greater speeds. Because of this cyclists could more comfortably cycle great...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... was commercially produced throughout medieval Europe and Russia by way of Orthodoxy from Greece in the form of wine. One reason wine was so popular was because, in most cases, it was safer to drink than the polluted water of the time (Courtwright, 10). As the age of exploration came about, wine ... world. Education and anti-smoking ads have resulted in reduction of smoking, but not on a worldwide level. Arguably, the most successful drug in the history of the world is the ever-popular caffeine. Today, caffeine runs societies all over the world. Present in coffee, tea, soft drinks, and ch...

• Word Count: 1853
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... industry grows stronger, computers and electronic entertainment will grow to be found everywhere around the world. And this includes videogames. Although gaming became popular in the 1980s, it has been alive since the 1970s. In May of 1972, Magnavox Odyssey was released as the first gaming console. ... parents raised protest when Mortal Kombat was released in 1991, which gave the player choices on how to "finish off" their opponent, sporting the most graphic (and not to mention bloody, VERY bloody) "fatalities" ever seen in any videogame of its time (Choi 2). Since then, games like ... ...

• Word Count: 1824
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... and the way in which it was taught became a model for the way any language could be taught. The grammar translation method (gtm) popular between the mid 18th and late 19th Century focused on direct translation from texts in and out of the target language. There is little ... had been submerged entirely in the target language for over 2 hours a day 5 days per week for over a month. The Direct method proved popular with private language schools but it failed to consider the practicalities of the normal classroom setting. Richards and Rogers (1986) point out that "teachers ... and at which...

• Word Count: 1867
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... known as secular music. 2 Troubadours and trouveres, also known as French nobles, were responsible for beginning the secular music movement. Lutes, fiddles, pipes, and harps were popular instruments during this time. Unfortunately most secular pieces were not recorded, and those pieces that were, are fairly difficult to perform because of the lack of rhythm notation. About 1,650 secular melodies have been ... his 104 masses and 450 other sacred works to the Catholic Church. Secular music in the Renaissance was spread with the help of the printing press. The madrigal was the most popular...

• Word Count: 1860
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... men alert and functioning. Rum was especially useful on long voyages for it did not turn potent or bad like beer. In the 18th century, rum surpassed gin as the most popular choice of drink in England. Rum was incredibly versatile and the people of Europe craved it for its distinct aroma and its multiple varieties. Beginning in the 17th century, distilleries ... globalization, that these figures will double by the year 2008.7 Between the two major types of rum, dark or light, the light variety is more popular. This is due to its milder flavor and overall adaptability into popular culture...

• Word Count: 1609
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

... international competitions held at the college level and played widely in the summer Olympic and paraplegic games. It is a sophisticated form of dueling (which was popular during Europe in the Middle Ages). Fencing is played with a very skinny thin sword called a rapier by many, but in fencing swords are assigned ... to notify the judges and then they would tally the points up. Nowadays fencing competitions use electrical scoring machines to judge a bout. Fencing is popular for paraplegics and people that use wheelchairs, and is a main attraction at the paraplegic games. The sport is ver...

• Word Count: 2383
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... marketing, however, promotion is but a mere sliver of a pie. Marketing also encompasses other functions such as customer satisfaction, value and quality assurance. Most businesses understand the significant role that marketing plays in determining the magnitude of the success, or perhaps failure, of their product. Determining, and even ... such as "mink oil." Also many companies now try to use recyclable materials for production and packaging. As an example, the ones popular Styrofoam as means of packaging as well as heat retention has lost favor after the knowledge, that it is not biod...

• Word Count: 2455
• Approx Pages: 10

... actions of human beings by the very simple laws of "number and reason".[3] In spiritual or moral training, he regarded the human being as the most sacred and responsible of all orders, unable in reason to do anything base. Therefore, in self-respect, a man cannot change his sense of humanity ... the new education was showing its results among the younger generation; yet men of middle age or past, who held responsible positions, were for the most part uninformed as to the true spirit of Western culture, and whenever they had to make decisions, they turned invariably to their Chinese sour...

• Word Count: 1721
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... kids and families with a fun way to turn milk into an irresistibly delicious, extra nutritious drink for many years. It is difficult to imagine that the product Nestlé is most famous for today sprang from the mind of a man who, initially, wanted to create an alternative for infants who were unable to be breastfed by their mother. Henri Nestlé ... -hopefully representative of Nestlé. Looking back at the multiple appearances of various Nestlé NESQUIK products, it is difficult to imagine that Nestlé would happen to introduce other popular flavors like strawberry and sugar free cho...

• Word Count: 1716
• Approx Pages: 7

... part of that fateful decade, America would see a transition unlike any it had yet experienced in its history "and in the face of a most terrible war, would succeed in protecting not only its own safety, but the entire world's. Our nation entered the decade in troubled times. The economy, ... in the United States were reluctant to get involved in the new war. After the horrors experienced in the First World War, isolationism had become popular, as no one wanted to repeat the same disastrous circumstances that claimed millions of lives. Ironically, this policy is one of the reasons Adolf ....

• Word Count: 1320
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Precaution imitated the style of Jane Austen.(Classic,1) Critics claim Precaution is a weak book. "Cooper's apprentice novel, however, showed no such promise and most critics have been only happy to dismiss it at once and get on to his better work. In a sense they are right and no one would ... What cooper intended to show is not clear. The gothic episodes clash with the historical ones. The Last of the Mohicans was one of his most acknowledged masterpieces. Although the issues of race and power raised by the Last of the Mohicans remains contemporary, Cooper's prose style and the genre .....

• Word Count: 2007
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... its own destiny, without relying on authoritarian decree or on whatever gods they may be. The philosophies of the Enlightenment naturally affected artists, the arts, and their influence on the popular culture. The influence of the Enlightenment on classical music may be seen as a notable decline of religious compositions accompanied by a sharp rise in secular music written specifically for middle- ... numerical size of orchestras in courts, churches, concert halls and theatres varied as much as their internal composition, and for any traveling musician orchestral resources were largely u...

• Word Count: 1406
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... list which instruments are to be played in his orchestras. One of the most important advances of the orchestra during the Baroque period was the rise of the string family. Viols, which had been popular in the Renaissance, were great for polyphony but their sound was too delicate ... had an immediate effect on composers; their work was expected to be original and popular. At the heart of the new classical style was the orchestra at the court of Mannheim in Germany. It was the most renown in Europe at the time for it's skilful soloists and composers. It"s ... the introduction of many new...

• Word Count: 1812
• Approx Pages: 7

... , and lasted many years. Trade was disrupted and travel, even short distances, was dangerous. The Vikings were the most vicious and feared of the attackers. The powerful warriors, most looking to settle, terrorized and attacked the locals. Some even believed the Vikings were sent from God to punish them ... else is there in all these events except God's anger clear and visible over this people." Sure, the villagers of Europe were fighters, but most of their battles would take place internally, against each other. Now, because of the invasions, the need for cavalries, protection, and milit...

• Word Count: 1354
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

"The Functions of a Patrol Officer" The oldest and most basic function in law enforcement is the patrol function. The purpose of patrol is strictly to protect and preserve life and property in ... individual so you can remain one step ahead. There are also many protective weapons a patrol officer may have in order for survival. The firearm is the most popular and it is important that you practice practical aspects. The baton can also be used in a defensive manner offering safe and effective control over an assaulting subject ... to break into windows. Yamara sticks are another protective dev...

• Word Count: 2495
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... serves both as a membership organization and breed registry. Because the Chincoteague Pony is a hybrid whose breeding program is largely left to natural selection, conformational traits may vary among individuals. Most ponies tend to resemble the Welsh or Arabian breeds, although Mustang blood is obvious in others. The head is expressive, with broad forehead; large, soft eyes, straight or slightly ... The Miniature comes in all possible horse colors. Miniature Horses are seen in performance classes - halter obstacle, hunter jumper, showmanship, costume, liberty, and driving. A variety of...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... . Almost all women everywhere are concerned with being attractive within the terms of their cultures and in Western cultures now almost all women are self-conscious about their weight. Most believe themselves to be overweight and the diet industry is enormous. However, anorexia nervosa is a serious mental health disorder which is characterised by an exaggerated preoccupation with the ... cosmetic surgery procedure overall. Invasive surgical procedures saw modest growth driven by an 8.5% increase in breast augmentation and 6.3% growth in liposuction. Liposuction remains the most popular s...

• Word Count: 1701
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... 1600 because it rose more rapidly than the price of the commodities which they made and sold and the wages, 'By the second half of the sixteenth century only the most highly skilled, independent craftsmen who were assured of regular employment could manage adequately to feed their families' (Cameron 60). In Lyons, for example, the wages of casual laborers fell below ... -1540 in response to the problems caused by several consecutive harvest failures (1527-34) and to the fears raised by frequent and often widespread eruptions of both urban and rural popular unrest, epitomized by the Germa...

• Word Count: 1967
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... workforce cohorts. In these and other cases, dem! ographic pressures will remain a potential source of stress and instability." (Defense Intelligence Agency) In general, globalization is a positive force that will increase most of the world's population's standard of living, but for some, "globalization will exacerbate local and regional tensions, increase the prospects and capabilities for conflict, and empower those who would do ... markets, and fight international crime and disease." And following that positive trend will be the political pressure for greater political pluralism, dem...

• Word Count: 1732
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... discontent with the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy into raging flames. Luther was supported by a number of secular rulers, partly for political reasons. His challenging ideas were also embraced in a genuinely popular movement, and his theology was spread in Germany by numerous preachers. In response to this challenge papal authorities ordered Luther to retract and submit to church authority, but he became ... by Martin Luther and Philip Melanthchon on one side and Zwingli and Johannes Oecolampadius on the other, but no agreement could be reached. Subsequently, more radical ideas were s...

• Word Count: 1431
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a desire to look successful and aristocratic. For many Americans, Europe provided their only model of wealth and power. Therefore, luxurious foreign goods, like women's dresses, jewelry, and musical instruments, became popular in American cities in this era. Americans not only wanted to look like European royalty, but they also hoped to act and seem like them. Members of American high society ... example, Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Edith Wharton's The Age of Innocence and The House of Mirth), Daisy Miller focuses on the behavior of its characters in social situations. Most of...

• Word Count: 1470
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... spent considerable resources in the building up of huge armies. Not only did this mean that by the July crisis most countries could afford to contemplate war because they were in a position to do so, but also it contributed to the popular tide of warlike enthusiasm that was felt throughout Europe. Militarism was something which was also evident in the run up ... ...

• Word Count: 2024
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate