... to have a more emotional reaction to divorce. Researchers say in the Journal of Marriage and The Family, divorce elevates a girl's risk for depression because it increases the chances that her mother will become depressed, which in turn reduces the quality of her parenting. Many studies have shown that girls tend to internalize their distress. Girls of divorce may become depressed, develop ... headaches or stomachaches, and have changes in their eating and sleeping patterns. This behavior of a girl's reaction to divorce is somewhat symbolic to the mother's reaction of divorce. Daughters ...

• Word Count: 2872
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... this behavior, some believe, is to gain some form of internal gratification, such as attention, for the perpetrator. Usually, the perpetrator is a mother who produces the symptoms or illness in her child of under six years of age (Kahan & Yorker, 1991). However, cases have been reported with ... Hall, 2000). Published reports on Munchausen syndrome by proxy child abuse (factitious illness abuse) emphasise that the perpetrator is nearly always the child's mother. (Meadow, 1997). It is very rare for the father to be actively involved in the abuse. There are several single case reports of ...

• Word Count: 2722
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... his assignments and was consistently involved in disrupting the class. At the initial intake, a great deal of background information was obtained by the student worker during an interview with the mother. Client was the fourth of five sons born to middle-class parents. Labor was induced at 37 weeks because of erythroblatosis. At birth, client weighed 6 lbs., 1 oz. Within several ... play with children of his own age but would instead be found with children who were younger than him. He wandered around frequently seeking attention and was described by his mother as "not respecting autho...

• Word Count: 3818
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... people and withdrew themselves from any form of a social life. The common belief prior to Kaner and Hans's time was autism was a psychological disorder believed to be cause by a neglectful mother and there was little to be done to help these children who seemed unreachable. The word autistic derives from the Greek word meaning self'. Autism is a developmental disorder of the ... of certain fabrics was like sandpaper grating her skin. Constantly buffeted by overpowering sensations, she screamed, raged, and threw things. At that time a doctor advised that Temple be institutionalized. Her ...

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... the issue of attachment. The emotional bond between infants and their mothers can be seen in both humans as well as in many other animals. When an infant needs his mother and she is unavailable, such as in the case of separation, the infant is extremely distracted, he protests and searches for the ... mother. If such searching fails, the infant becomes depressed, and can even enter a state of disregard for and avoidance of the mother if she returns. Attachment is first introduced by Bowlby (1969, 1973, 1979, 1980) to explain how infants become emotionally attached ... , researchers bega...

• Word Count: 2827
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . (2) Identifying and appropriately expressing feelings and motives. For example, Masao may not know that he is happy when something good happens. He may express himself by throwing a toy or hitting a mother child, rather than by smiling. (3) Learning skills and gaining self confidence. For example, Patrick may have difficulty in learning skills, may not have confidence in his ability to performs a task ... a given situation. Clare may have learned that she can go outside to play if she asks nicely, if she cries long enough to become disruptive, or if she follows her mother around the ho...

• Word Count: 3086
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... than they would a television or brochure. The careful consideration of these factors when constructing a message may result in it being "taught" as such. We can look at a mother teaching a child manners to demonstrate this. A mother is the most credible source to a child and what she says will be trusted. If she tells her child to not chew with her mouth open because ... it is rude, the child will learn from this message and now has a new attitude as to what is rude and what isn't. To further instil this message a mother may praise the child when she uses good manners, and punish her wh...

• Word Count: 2566
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... but for her bringing up'. The character Bounderby claims that he made it into this world by himself when his mother abandoned him when he was young, but this is not true as we find later in Hard Times as his mother turns up later in the book to put him to shame. He claims that he was raised in the "gutter ... " as it helps to boost his ego and make him stand out from other business colleagues. However he is not telling the truth, far from it, when his mother turns up on the doorstep, she humiliates him quite unintentionally. In fact she really cares for her son as she quotes "Lord forgiv...

• Word Count: 6193
• Approx Pages: 25
• Grade Level: High School

... occurred when the victim discovered that her father had begun to touch her younger sister as well. In an attempt to protect her sister she revealed "the secret" to her mother. Where upon her mom became angry and accused her of lying; asking her where she came up with such things and why she would disrespect her father in such a way ... are another major influence. Parents that view themselves as competent and consider themselves to have a close relationship to their children are less likely to resort to abuse, as well as mother's with low maternal anxiety and depression (Stevenson 1999)...

• Word Count: 2504
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... part. People on this level work at something very precious. These people are very fine, healthy, strong, sagacious (very smart) and creative. Maslow included saintly people on this level. I think Mother Theresa was a great example of self-actualization. I will continue to strive to accomplish self-actualization and maybe on the way there, I can make a difference. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow ... part. People on this level work at something very precious. These people are very fine, healthy, strong, sagacious (very smart) and creative. Maslow included saintly people on this...

• Word Count: 2743
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• Grade Level: High School

... . It is at this stage that girls notice that men and boys have penises, and they don't. We, according to Freud, recognize that without this organ, we cannot "possess" the mother (our original love object) the way a man can, especially our fathers. This recognition leads girls to develop a sense of inferiority and the desire for a penis, which Freud called Penis Envy ... to marry their mothers and replace their fathers. Freudian theory labels this the Oedipus complex (named after the Greek myth about Oedipus, who unknowingly killed his father and married his mother). When they learn that ...

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... condition that can lead to premature birth and to low birth weight include nutritional deficiency, disease, exposure to radiation, drugs, emotional stress, and mother's excessive use of alcohol or tobacco. Variety of biological and psychological conditions affecting a mother during pregnancy can have profound effects on a child's development and adjustment and hence are at significant risk for a variety of maladaptive behavior with diminished ... ...

• Word Count: 2608
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , age 10. He is in grade five. He is a bright child and is a son of an acquaintance. She gave me a brief background on herself and her son. She is a single mother and had never been married. She has her grade 12 and is now in her third year of post-secondary. Although she states that she has had mostly low paying ... positive, close, friends. He is well socialized and outgoing. Subject number four is a female, age 12. She is the daughter of a neighbour who also gave be a brief background. The subject's mother and father are married and are both professionals. They have always lived in ho...

• Word Count: 5299
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: High School

... and identity issues emerging from these narratives to the kinds of relationships that these consumers have with their brands. For example, she shows that one informant's identity as a traditional homemaker, mother, and wife finds expression in the cultivation of strong, committed partnerships with food and cleaning products that have proven themselves to be the "best" brands in their category over the ... ...

• Word Count: 3484
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... in human suffering. Kierkegaard in the dialectics of Christian suffering and hope views a manner that astonishingly brings about a fresh incentive into Christian life. He, Kierkegaard elucidates hope as the foster-mother of Christian life . In this way, he wishes to imply that despair and anxiety has the history of Christian hope behind it. In which case, the dialectic of hope is ... ...

• Word Count: 3547
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... class athletes an edge to a certain extent. Motivation for middle/lower class athletes also come from the family structure, whether good or bad. Single parent household, mainly with just the mother present, is enough drive to succeed. Not only to make the parent proud of them, but to also be able to take care of the parent. It may also come ... ...

• Word Count: 2757
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... of sexual desires which have been repressed. Freud says that sexual desires are instinctual, and that they appear in the most fundamental acts in the process of nurturing, like in a mother nursing an infant. The instincts for food, warmth and comfort, which are survival values for a child, also produce pleasure, which is also, according to Freud, sexual pleasure. The discovery of ... ...

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... about sex" describes some consequences of Darwinism on social attitudes of sexuality. Llewellyn-Jones writes, "nice girls don't have sex",also that "she is unfeminine unless she marries and becomes a mother" and "sex is a mans responsibility. . . women should make themselves available to their husbands when he requires a release of sexual tension". Yet social expectations of men's sexuality are different, men are ... ...

• Word Count: 3037
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... child fails to form the normal social contacts that are such an important part of human development. This impairment may be so severe that it even affects the bonding between a mother and an infant. Contrary to popular belief, many autistic children are infact capable of showing affection.. (Sigman, 1999) Even as the child develops, interaction with others continues to be abnormal ... ...

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... have an effect. But this section also states that the young embryo also lacks sensory systems so how can the environment affect the embryo? This can take place via the mother, what she eats, the type of toxins she introduces into her system which cross over to the embryo and could possibly affect the chemical balance in which regulate the genes ... ...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

... emotional ties can't be closer, and they share a variety of family roles and functions. In fact, Marianne Hartmann, "the docile, the silent" was closer to Christine than to her own mother and she was the only one who could "dispel Fibich's melancholy" ((Brookner, p. 64). While Hartmann and Yvette had more influence over Toto than his own parents. It appears, that Hartmann ... ...

• Word Count: 2760
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• Grade Level: High School

... many other areas of psychology and education today (Pulaski, 1980, pg. xiii)." Jean Piaget was born August 9, 1986 in Neuchatel, Switzerland. His father was a scholar of medieval history and his mother was very intelligent and devoutly religious. By 1907 he had written and published his first paper about a rare albino sparrow. He completed his degree in Natural Science at the University ... ...

• Word Count: 3229
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• Has Bibliography