... One caveat of this is view the cognitive fallacy of confusing causation and correlation. Rational thought on this matter reveals that non-pirated content distributors have the same access to infecting others than an illegal file-sharer. Moreover, the presence of a virus on an illegally shared file is only indicative of the individual file-sharer's incentive to infect, and not the incentive of internet piracy as ... a whole. Some parties claim that the loss of profit from piracy negatively affects budgets for ... research and development; this is unsubstantiated because it is impossible ...

• Word Count: 2876
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... B'Eretz Yisrael, known as Histadrut) and later through the Jewish Agency, operated clandestinely under the British Mandate, which declared the bearing of unauthorized arms by Palestinian Jews to be illegal. Arms and ammunition were smuggled into the country, and training was conducted in secret. In addition to guarding settlements, the Haganah manufactured arms, built a series of roads and stockades ... . Israel also developed a sizeable military industry. The main motivation behind the large defense industry was the fear that weapons needed for Israel's security could become unavailable...

• Word Count: 6784
• Approx Pages: 27
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... people, weapons troops and other personnel served temporary duty. These personnel were sent covertly to secret airbases inside Laos. Laos, a small Southeast Asian country that borders Vietnam, was a major concern for the West during the late 1950's and early 1960's. When China fell to Communism, and with the rising threat of Communism in Vietnam, the US government sent Green Beret troops to Laos to train ... be no freedom. They were threatened by the North Vietnamese invasions into Laos, so then the U.S. encouraged the Hmongs to fight, the US provided assistance with training and weapon...

• Word Count: 6991
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: High School

... someone feels about themselves, such as how they were treated growing up by family and peers. Research done by the American Physiological Association shows that "the smaller a subjects waist size the greater the over-estimation." (Penner, 1). In this research project they took three groups of women, some that had been ... them estimated how big their bodies were by using a photograph of themselves and lights that they could cast in different directions. They found that the "normal" sized and heaver set women were pretty close when it came to estimating their actual size but those that su...

• Word Count: 3236
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... that it is not unconstitutional to sentence 16-18 year olds to death. The 8th Amendment right from cruel and unusual punishment was not applicable. Juvenile delinquents trials are closed to the press and to the media. Their names are usually kept secret and their records are kept confidential. The only people that can get access to a juveniles record are law enforcement personnel ... . These include the juvenile attorney, parent/guardian or the military. The reason why they keep all the information of the juvenile a secret is because they want to help and ... protect the juvenile. If the...

• Word Count: 3291
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... up their nuclear research and be the first to make the atomic bomb. In late 1939, President Roosevelt ordered an American effort to make an atomic bomb before the Germans. The government did not fund the first people who started to research the atomic bomb, so their findings were limited. The U.S. created many places for research that remained secret to U.S. citizens that were ... not involved with the research. In 1939 U.S. scientists urged President Franklin Roosevelt to establish a program ... to study the potential military use of fission, and $6,000 was appropriated to conduct rese...

• Word Count: 3980
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... 's to kill your father?" (P. Baruth). However, the family does not regret their choice whatsoever. The family knew Mr. Baruth would lead an unhappy life and continue to suffer due to the disease. At the time of Mr. Baruth's death, euthanasia had not been legalized in the United States, so this act was done in secret. Conclusion Over the years, euthanasia has allowed numerous patients to die with ... some dignity left. Death is impossible to escape. However, the way a terminally ill patient dies is the issue at hand, much like Quinlan ... , Schiavo, and numerous other patients. Euthanasia...

• Word Count: 2895
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Brinton Lykes, Kalina Brabeck, and Cristina J. Hunter, "5.5 million children with unauthorized parents, and three-quarters are U.S. born citizens" (125). Therefore, the U.S. born children are severely at risk of being separated from their undocumented parents. When a U.S. born child's undocumented parents are deported, he/she is faced with ... like addiction to alcohol, drugs and tobacco, or are more prone to low self-esteem. It is not a secret that parents are our support and guide; they are the persons that can help us in everything that is why a child that lives without one of them, ...

• Word Count: 2638
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography

... tortured, but being stuck in a prison for two weeks can be traumatizing in of itself. Rarely does any Government entity have "clear" evidence to ever warrant the use of torture. I have personally been on a mission where a partial name match was used to detain and interrogate an individual for almost 72 hours straight. ... an attack in a market in Kabul, Afghanistan. He knew what we wanted and had no reason to tell me anything. To make a long story short, the most effective technique I used with this suspect was simply being a well educated soldier who hated Russians as much as he did. ...

• Word Count: 2557
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

... was known for rescuing slaves and leading them to safety through the Underground Railroad. From there they would escape to the Union side, and most would enlist in the Union as free men, aiding the North's efforts. Tubman not only worked in secret, but she went on reconnoissance missions and led plantation raids. In specific, the Combahee River Raids, scouted and led by Tubman, were a set ... of missions where she led three steamboats to plantations on the shores of the Combahee River, and would set fire to their ... infrastructure and rescue the slaves (Clinton 76). The slaves would c...

• Word Count: 2957
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... exponential power shift than the fossil fuel industry had anticipated. Such a potential drastic change can lead to monopoly in the industry of renewable energy. The engineers of Masdar would be the innovators and pioneers that capitalize on the fact that they did it first and know the systems best. Another concern that has come about is the ethic behind the project. It is no secret that Abu Dhabi is ... one of the world's wealthiest oil producers, taking in about 70 ... billion dollars a year in oil revenue; which accommodates for less 50,000 Emiratis living in Abu Dhabi. Some people j...

• Word Count: 2800
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... but surely come home. The other part of Vietnamization would set up a self-sufficient South Vietnam government. Finally the Communist agreed upon a peace plan. Sadly this peace plan fell through because the Communist claimed that the United States was not going along as agreed. That same year President Nixon ordered secret bombing of Cambodia and attempt to wipe out the Vietcong and the North Vietnam base camps ... . President Nixon informed the general American public that American troops would be sent to Cambodia. He made this ... announcement on April 30th, 1970. This did nothing but ...

• Word Count: 4657
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... that behavior is upheld by modern popular culture through movies and television. It was an age where men and women courted with chaperones. The language men and women used in writing letters to one another were flowery and passionate. Rich people had mansions or palaces full of ... servants. It is an age where womens clothing bound and tortured countless of them with wire bustles covering their behinds. The bustles were made that way to emphasize womens hips as suitable for childbearing. Womens torsos were bound in whalebone corsets made to trim a ... scrap of hair. A child's locks, tho...

• Word Count: 3367
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Society, was founded by English expat Harry Hay, a musicologist and member of the Communist party USA (CPUSA). Hay is often referred to as the "father of gay liberation". The group took on a cell type organization, at the time popular with secret Communist groups, to avoid prosecution. Their intention was to become "an internationalfraternal order acting as a service and welfare organization devoted to ... the protection and improvement of Society's Androgynous Minority." (Timmons 145) While the society was short lived, it ... ...

• Word Count: 4166
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography

... Turkey. He told Kennedy that if the USA remove their missiles from Britain, Italy and Turkey then USSR would remove all missiles from Cuba. Kennedy accepted this deal and the crisis ended on October 28th. The public was told that the USSR had agreed to remove its missiles from Cuba and not install anymore. In fact, Kennedy had struck a secret deal with Khrushchev, so Kennedy ... removed all the missiles from Turkey six months later and Khrushchev removed all the missiles from Cuba. C5 is a secondary source because it is part of a BBC publication called "Cuba in Crisis 1962" written in 1...

• Word Count: 2876
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... . Apparently he is really quite well informed, he reads 18 newspapers a day and he admires politics enough to go after both sides of the story when the time comes. Drudge's contact! list has been expanding far quicker than his bank account he now has a huge following, with a mailing ... one fan thanks you every day for your help in saving her wonderful state. With appreciation Kathleen yet cannot write "f****ing" in complete letters in the transcripts of the Monica Lewinski-Linda Tripp tapes: Lewinsky: Well, it doesn't have to be a f---ing conflict. Tripp: What do you mean? How? Tell .....

• Word Count: 4649
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... one can draw from the articles in The New York Times is that if reporters knew the whole story by the 22nd, it can be expected that Castro's intelligence service and that of the Soviet Union knew about the planned invasion as well. Tad Szulc's report in the April 22nd edition of The New York Times says it all, . . . As has been an open secret in Florida and ... Central America for months, the C.I.A. planned, coordinated and directed the operations that ended in defeat on a beachhead in southern Cuba Wednesday ... . . . . It is clear then that part of the failure of the operation was cau...

• Word Count: 4207
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... imminent threat" of an attack could have been used to justify the Cambodian invasion of 1970 and the Laotian invasion of 1971, "both of which were explained as necessary to forestall attacks on American forces." Fore-shadowing the recent events in the Middle East, Fulbright feared that under these provisions a future President might cite secret or classified data "to justify almost any conceivable military initiative ... ." He warned that this authority could be construed "as sanctioning a pre-emptive attack solely on the President's own judgment." Since such a first strike might be nucl...

• Word Count: 2643
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... concerned that Guatemala represented " a serious threat to hemispheric solidarity and to our security in the Caribbean area." The National Security Act (NSA) of 1947, and the creation of the CIA because of that act, radically changed the direction and methods United States foreign policy would take. The NSA act helped create a secret government within a legitimate government willing to overthrow democratically elected leaders in favour of multinational U.S. corporations ... and puppet dictators. The situation in Guatemala in the early 1950s motivated the United States to use overt and c...

• Word Count: 3321
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

... Ben-Gurion and was influential in persuading the other congressional delegates to pass the proposal. The goal of the Zionists was to help the British defeat Hitler, but at the same time outwit the British in achieving the goals of the Jewish settlers in Palestine. The British invited Golda to be a member of the War Economic Advisory Council. While she was working for the British in the war effort, she was working against ... asked for, and pledged it immediately. Golda's appearance at this venue led to a two and a half month speaking tour, in which she raised pledges for millions of dol...

• Word Count: 3675
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... under this tax were, Newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards (American Rev. 1). Once again the colonists rose up together. This was the beginning of the Sons of Liberty, a secret organization whose purpose was to frighten the agents sent to collect the Stamp tax. Also nine of the thirteen colonies decided to form the Stamp Act Congress, which approved a "Declaration of Rights and Grievances" which said that colonial citizens ... were equal to British citizens and stressed the issue of no taxations without representation (American Rev ... ...

• Word Count: 3916
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

... effects of technology on nature. Advances in technology have been fueled by many factors such as desire for increased quality of life, strength in war and possession of power. Historically, the concept of technology vs. nature is significant in that it helps to characterize mankind and has proved to be a driving force behind many events of mankind's history. Status of most ... out differently than anyone had imagined As millions of men were marching off to battle in 1914, everyone imagined a quick war of mobility. This was not to be however, as the advances in weapons and transportation...

• Word Count: 2597
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... involve public opinion in his thinking or decision-making. He would also "meet with student activists to defend the administration's positions" (Kissinger, 1979, p. 1198). Basically Kissinger did understand the importance of public opinion, but felt that without it, policy could be developed and implemented in secret. The Gulf War was the first major direct U.S. intervention following Vietnam. Like Vietnam, there was strong initial support for ... the war. In early August 1990, when Bush deployed troops to Iraq, support for him and his handling of the Persian Gulf situation was at eight...

• Word Count: 2945
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... homosexuals. As fools, they could speak the truth because they were not taken seriously. The Mattachine Society appears to be the best know, the oldest and most responsible of the homophile groups. The Foundation has begun as a secret society that mainly sponsored discussion groups, "intended to educate homosexuals about themselves and nonhomosexuals [sic] about the invert."" As the group expanded, the Mattachine Society replaced the Mattachine Foundation and it became a public ... organization. The new Mattachine was open to any ... ...

• Word Count: 3713
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography

... itself. One year after gaining power, he started a conflict with Iran; a conflict that would eventually drag out for 8 years and cost the lives of over 1 million Iraqi soldiers. He authorised one of his generals, a man known as "Chemical Ali", to use chemical weapons on ... the happenings inside these countries don't affect them. Yet it has to be questioned whether the west, in particular Britain, still has a duty to Iraq and to it's people. On April 25th 1920, Iraq was formally made a mandate of the United Kingdom. This mandate then ran out in October 1932, but it was not a secret ... ...

• Word Count: 2874
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate