The Egyptian people suffered thirty years from a high unemployment rate, from a low income rate and a high poverty rate, from a high injustice rate and a low safety rate.5 I will prove whether the events in Egypt during the 25th Jan, 2011 and the days after lead me to the question: To what extent can the events of 2011 in Egypt be called a revolution?.
Due to the lack of scientific articles about this topic, for example (books, researches), the essay will cite mainly international journals, newspapers and online articles for example Reuters and New York Times as a reference for the researches done for this essay. Nevertheless, some books have been used as a reference for the essay, for example The Egyptian Revolution: between Hope and Despair: Mubarak to Morsi written by an Egyptian American Journalist Mohamed El-Bendary in 2013. This book was very useful, since it contains the whole timeline of the events of 2011 in Egypt in chronological order.
Pre-Events.
The events of 2011 in Egypt have amazed the whole world. Egypt's start was via Facebook. There were two youth groups lead by the head of marketing of Google Middle East and North Africa,6 Wael Ghonim. He organized an event on Facebook for the 25th of January to protest against the government. Once the protests started, they spread into the rest of Cairo, Alexandria and Suez.7 Most Egyptians had been humiliated by poverty, hunger, high prices and corruption; therefore it was planned by some youth groups to revolt against the government. In a speech Ahmed Shafik, the former Commander of the Egyptian Air Force, former Minister of Civil Aviation8 and later Prime Minister of Egypt from 31 January 2011 to 3 March 2011,9 said "Egyptians youth's view of themselves and the regime has also changed".10 Egypt had been suffering for long time at the beginning of the 1980s from poverty, ignorance and the corrupted education system, which made it too hard for anyone to participate in high colleges or in universities, the parents couldn't afford the payment for private schools either, so they were forced to send their children to a governmental school, which had been damaged in its system during Mubarak's regime.