... , and violations of human rights. A combination of political genius, opportunism, and luck brought Stalin to power. The ruthless Stalin took every opportunity he had and ran like the wind with it, and assured his future position as the leader of the Communist party. Stalin rose and became one of the most influential man in the Communist party. From that point on, it was simply a bit of propaganda, a bit ... of magic, and gallons of luck that combined to make Stalin the leader of the entire Communist world and one of ... the most powerful man in all of history. Some ... ...

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• Grade Level: High School

...  Infantry Regiment captured the Volhyn Fortification. Some of the defenders of the island managed to break through into the Citadel and continued the defence. THE FIGHT AT THE KOBRIN FORTIFICATION The Kobrin Fortification, the largest of the fortress islands, covers the Citadel from the north and the east. The North-West, North and East Gates in the curtain wall served as an exit points from the fortress. The island was the area where the following units were stationed: the 125th Rifle Regiment ... armoured and motorized infantry company of the 75thDetached Reconnaissance Battalion. Th...

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• Grade Level: High School

... Petersburg and Moscow who were drawn to them. "Lenin looked like a peasant from Volga"(2) "Lenin was one of them. He was a Russian from the Volga region, the heart of Russia his speeches were powerful but without a hint of polish or elegance. He was confident but never haughty, refined or pretentious." (3) These quotes further the notion that Lenin's personality, conviction and status in society were main reasons ... , nor confined to Russia." On his arrival at St Petersburg station soviet historians describe the night "He achieved to save the revolution from the specter of a Tsarist res...

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• Grade Level: High School

... , as those of colonial Salem, still grip the modern world. The reasons for these occurrences are relatively the same. Whether they are the result of someone's foolishness or someone's inability of finding the source of a problem, these trials still continue all over the world. Even though the hanging tactics are no longer used, even more cruel punishments are awarded for the scapegoats of these prosecutions in today's world ... by Adolf Hitler, needed someone to blame for their loss and damages in World War I. The rich and the ones in power seemed like the perfect target. The majority of...

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... least equally to blame. Most historians agree, however, that wherever the preponderance of blame may lie, both the United States and the Soviet Union contributed to the atmosphere of hostility and suspicion that quickly clouded the peace" (Brinkley 963). The US and USSR had very different belief systems. This may have contributed to the cold war tensions. Communism versus Capitalism, Dictatorship versus Democracy. ... Each economic system calls for the destruction of the other. The US was desperate to end the spread of communism and dictatorship. We provided much legislation in an attemp...

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... life gained him more and more support. Later on Trotsky, a Menshevik, who helped him organise the movement and revolution. Lenin thought his chance had come in July. There was an uprising against the government and the Bolsheviks took advantage of the situation and supported the protesters. In the end though, the uprising was suppressed and many Bolsheviks, including trotsky were imprisoned. Again, Lenin went overseas. While Lenin ... was overseas the head of the provisional government tried to win more support by resigning and placing Kerensky as ... ...

• Word Count: 460
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... . Today, everyone knows that Lincoln claimed that slavery was illegal ONLY for Afro-Americans that were either captured or joined his troops from the South. North kept its slaves until a few months before the end of the war. And South wanted to separate from the North due to extreme inequalities in tax rates and quality of life, among other economical, social and political reasons It's obvious ... that it was just a "marketing- trick to motivate Afro- Americans from the South to join his forces. That fact is totally different from what most people believe. And in my opinion it is actuall...

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... he believed in. After Reagan left office and Bush took over, everything seemed to fall into place. The relations with the Soviet Union was incredibly good, and Gorbachev met several times with Bush to continue the peace treaties. East and West Germany reunified under NATO with approval from the Soviet Union in October 1990. One month later, Bush and Gorbachev "issued a joint message declaring an ... end to the Cold War- (Schaller, 521). The Soviet Union, unable to "afford the massive diversions necessary to keep up with the United States militarily- (Pugliese) had no choice ... debated...

• Word Count: 1468
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... defeats. Furthermore, the support from the wealthy landowners prevented the peasants from obtaining the land that they were so rightfully promised. When Lenin came back from exile, he made a promise to the people that he would one day overthrow the government and give them peace, bread and land. The idea gained momentum and soon enough, the Bolsheviks were the dominant force in the Petrograd Soviet. They had the full support of the workers and peasants ... first months as leader, Lenin made a call to end the war and announced that the 540 million acres of the land was to be handed over ...

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... that "Iron Curtain." Understanding the reason for its construction, the heartache it caused, and the joy over its fall helps modern students relate to its symbolic role as an "Iron Curtain" (Rise). The Berlin Wall was erected for one main reason: to keep East Berliners from escaping to West Berlin. After WWII, Berlin, the capital of Germany, was a ruined city. The WWII victors, the United States, Great Britain, France ... , and the Soviet Union, divided Germany ... ...

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• Has Bibliography
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... they were also involved in two different pacts. East Germany was involved in The Warsaw Pact, while West Germany was in NATO. Much of Berlin was left in ruins from the war. At the height of the Cold War, the coldest place in the entire world was Berlin which became a center of espionage at the height of the Cold War. Some say that over 8,000 spies were all over ... the city. Novelist John le Carte called Berlin "a cabinet full of useless, liquid secrets...a playground ... any crime, to lie, to cheat, in order to attain that"(The Cold War: A History 268). The nuclear arms race, covert o...

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... they had from the previous governments, people showed different character to the state and different inside their homes. Gorbachev wanted to eliminate these feelings and made actual moves for that such as for example, he allowed to 100 people who were opposed to Gorbachev's policies, to form the "Democratic Club" where people from any city could have an open discussion on political affaires. He supported the individual ... freedom by giving people the full right to express their religious beliefs with dignity. On 1 December 1989, Gorbachev became ... ...

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... being financially secure and being able to better themselves materialistically. This is the driving force behind the theory of capitalism. The society that we as Americans live in today perpetuates the need for greed through the voice of the media. Expensive clothes, overly-excessive accessories, and nice cars dominate television commercials and the pages of magazines. From the time we are born, these luxuries are presented to us as ... normalities, leading us to believe that these items are, in essence, necessities. This, in turn, leads to more greed and the jealousy of others. Without ...

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... control, at any costs. There was nothing that he wasn't willing to do to reach the goal. The terror and murder seems to have been very widespread. The constant threat of being exterminated for any reason kind of crippled the entire country. This is best proof of this comes from document 7 when it states, "What is sometimes neglected by those of us who never faced ... such things, is the extreme intensity with which the terror bore down not only upon its victims but upon ... the population as a whole." This makes it quite clear that ... ...

• Word Count: 435
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... this by destroying British influence in the Middle East and use the most precious resource known to war, oil. As Hitler's mistakes are pointed out by Robert Cowley, Robert Cowley could also show how Hitler could have won World War II. If he had taken Alexander the Great's path through the Middle East, he could cut off Britain from its most precious jewel, (an interesting ... pun,) India by capturing the Suez Canal. By deciding to destroy Soviet Russia in 1941, Hitler lost the war. As he defeated France and closed in on Paris in 1940, Hitler believed ... he could go after the rest of th...

• Word Count: 369
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... salute by saying "HEIL HITLER" to a fuehrer that believed he was right? Though the world knew he was simply a genius, psychopathic, megalomaniac. Because of our involvement in that war we were able to save an entire race and quite possibly the world from oppressive rule. I can't give all the credit to the United States, because it wasn't us that single handedly fought off all ... the Axis Powers. We were the last ones to join the Allied Forces, which included Great Britain, and the Soviet Union although our actions were definitely the ones that ceased the war. In conclusion, I do believ...

• Word Count: 330
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... an actual face to face conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union (New World Encyclopedia). Do you think the policies of the United States were justified during the Cold War? The foreign policy of the United States during the Cold War had support due to the direct conflict of goals of the U.S. and how the spread of communism could prove dangerous for Americans. The primary goal of communist nations was ... Nations to put into place were justified because their intent was to not have history repeated. Even though the Soviet's felt that these were unnecessary and hostile react...

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... executive there are also many other complex bodies involved in a states decision making. When we veiw the individual members of these decision-making bodies we see many different motives, hence when a decision is made it may not be the unitary rational response that the B.O.P. theory suggests. From this we can see that states are not run as individuals and so cannot be expected to ... make decisions that way. The major flaws of the B.O.P. theory appear to all converge at one point: the theory itself is oversimplified. It is difficult to suggest alterations to ... the theory because its...

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... into buffer states. These states protected Russia and at the same time liking it to the rest of the Europe. Without these states Russia would have been more vulnerable along its borders and would have been isolated from Europe by distance. Across the iron curtain, Stalin was disassembling the factories of Poland and East Germany and literally rebuilding them on Russian soil. It was an ... amazing but devastating accomplishment. Part of his collectivization plan moved peasants and factories to the cities. The factory re-location created city slums in Russia and ... turned the buffer sta...

• Word Count: 601
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... , for one, shared out fear and opposed Russian involvement in the war against Japan (Document E). The countries were at loathe requesting help from the "Red Army," and the bomb was a perfect way to demonstrate American power (Document C). Also, as dictated by the agreement made at the Yalta Conference, Soviet aide would result in new territory for the communists, something the Americans were particularly afraid of (Document D). According to General ... H.H Arnold, the dropping of the bomb was not actually necessary; as the Japanese were at this point already ... ...

• Word Count: 440
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... ; they tested how long it took and how low the body temperature could get before death. After a victim had died they tried to resuscitate the frozen body. Dr. Joseph Mengele, who was in charge of the twin experiments, was known as the " Angel of Death." Mengele examined the twins from head to toe. After all of the information was obtained they were given an injection of chloroform ... in the heart killing them. Their dead bodies were dissected and ... the organs were sent in for research. After the war, trials were held for those guilty of ... ...

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The 300 watchtowers, the twenty-two bunkers, the guns, the border guards, the dogs, the death strip, Checkpoint Charlie-they are all gone. Only 420 feet of the Berlin Wall remain mainly in the Bernauer Strasse in the city's Wedding district as a tourist attraction. It was once known as the "death strip," the Bernauer Strasse is where East Germans made dramatic leaps to freedom from upper story windows and where the largest number ... died attempting to escape. Erected in 1961, the wall stood for twenty eight years before ... crumbling in the face of mass protests in November 1989. That is h...

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... European nations. Many countries, seriously in debt, began to print more and more money causing it to be worth nothing. In 1929 the Stock Market crashed and the whole world was led into the Great Depression. Even the wealthiest nations like the United States were broke and stable governments became increasingly difficult to maintain. This opened doors for violent Nationalists and ambitious dictators that promised ... and decided it was necessary to obtain power through legal steps. This became increasingly simple as unrest in Germany grew because of the great depression. In 1933 the Naz...

• Word Count: 545
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... agreed to separate Germany. Sections of Germany under the control of the United States, France, and Britain formed the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). The land controlled by the Soviet Union became the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). This setting created a border between the two sides, which caused the two sides to move further away from each other and turn more hostile against each other ... . Many of the people living in East Germany were unhappy with the conditions there. Rules ... restricted their freedoms, but there were no such rules on the other side of the...

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... , fearless, and positive attitude of a man would not ever give up on making this mission to the moon be possible. He will forever be remembered a hero amongst the American people. It took 400,000 specialists and $24 billion, proposed in expansive part to demonstrate July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 launched from the Kennedy Space Center. This day was to be remembered forever all around ... the world. On July 20, 1969, Commander Neil Armstrong became the first man on walk on the moon. He said the noteworthy words, "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind" (Remembering ... ...

• Word Count: 993
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• Grade Level: High School