The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the Constitution, and mainly focus on the civil liberties of citizens. When we talk about incorporation of the amendments of the Constitution, we are mainly talking about the Bill of Rights. ... There are two different forms of incorporation, selective and total. ... While today most states are held to the Bill of Rights, there was some debate regarding on how we should get here. ... First of all because Miller's interpretation of the amendment is not the same as it seems many hold today. ...

• Word Count: 2594
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Even though the Constitutional Act of 1867, divided the powers between the provinces and the federal government, there has always been debate over the interpretation of how and to what extent these powers should be divided. ... This lead to the formation of several proposals or amendments to the Constitution. ... The following components were drafted for constitutional amendment of the Canadian Constitution Act 1867. ... The Accord slightly changed the existing formula for constitutional amendment. ... This was managed through s40-42 of the Constitution Act being repealed, and substituted...

• Word Count: 2748
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since the Declaration many of the states adopted their own "constitutions", other maintained reliance on their colonial charters. ... Between the time of signing and spring of 1790, there were many debates in order to get all the states to agree to the new document. ... In the middle of Washington's stay the 11th amendment was added to the constitution. ... Part II: Describe the changes in government [structure] and politics [who votes, how, why, and for what, and how the parties form and operate] from the rise of Jacksonian Democracy through the Civil War. With the election of Pres...

• Word Count: 3055
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Families are affiliated with a certain church in their community and use the church greatly and widely for many things. ... How can this personal experience be put into context when it comes to in what ways American concepts of freedom has changed over time? ... I will first and foremost give a historical overview of how religious liberty was meant to be a part of the American society through the American Constitution of 1787. ... Furthermore, I will discuss how religious liberty can be interpreted today, how it has changed from the days of the founding fathers and what problems "religious li...

• Word Count: 3342
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As a result, their endeavor led to the eventual passing of the 19th amendment. ... She also published many of her speeches in Garrison's Liberator. ... There they created "the Declaration of Sentiments", paraphrasing the Declaration of independents and favoring of Women's Rights. ... Constitution is also known as the Susan B. Anthony amendment. ...

• Word Count: 2702
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Nothing within the Constitution exclusively states that the Supreme Court's opinion is superior to the state court's, and nothing within the Constitution states that the Supreme Court has the capability of judicial review on acts generated by the legislature. If it is so limited, in these regards, how has it become so powerful? ... The understanding of these time periods will bring a clearer representation on how vital the Supreme Court has been to the success of the United States. ... It was at this time that many issues were presenting themselves regarding how future interpretat...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since its ratification in 1788 there have been 27 amendments to the Constitution. The first 10 amendments, adopted in 1791 and known collectively as the Bill of Rights, established a number of individual liberties, including speech, religion, the press, and the rights of the criminally accused. ... The judicial branch The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court of the United States, which interprets the Constitution and federal legislation. ... UNITED KINGDOM Central government The main elements of the government are the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, with some over...

• Word Count: 3105
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He challenged the law in court on the ground that the law infringed upon his constitutional right to bear arms under the Second Amendment. ... Hence there is no link between being trained on the usage of guns and reduced violence. ... Fleeger pointed to states with many gun laws like Massachusetts, which had 3.4 gun-related deaths per 100,000 people, and New Jersey, which had 4.9 gun-deaths per 100,000 people. ... Additionally, the very beginning of the Second Amendment provides an explicit mandate for the regulation of firearms. ... This meaning is strongly confirmed by the historical backgro...

• Word Count: 2864
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The proposed constitutional amendments for September 2003 had a total of 22 propositions this year. The Texas Legislature has tried to amend the Texas Constitution 587 times. The Texans people have said "NO- 177 times to the Texas constitution. Now, Texans are being asked to vote for or against twenty-two constitutional Amendments. ... The Constitution currently allows property tax exemptions for churches and parsonages. ...

• Word Count: 2843
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Tallmadge Amendment would have ceased the import of slaves into Missouri and progressively freed those already in oppression there. ... In 1820 to 1821, the nation and Congress disputed the suitability of the Missouri state constitution. ... A newspaper author's retort to one particularly ferocious kidnapping spoke to how these performs insulted Mid-Atlantic whites' pride in living in the Free states. ... Northwestern states ruled up firmly behind the Tallmadge Amendment, in part because of Missouri's position. ... It convinced many Southerners to highlight the Constitution,...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Eisenhower as President and a Republican majority in Congress, although briefly, displayed the growing conservative push within the United States and how Cold War responsibilities aided in that drift to the right. ... "McCarthyism", as it was called, forced many government officials and Hollywood celebrities to go before McCarthy and the rest of the committee, in order to deny their involvement with the Communist Party. Resulting in lost reputation and in the case of many members of Hollywood, lost work due to blacklisting, this phenomenon revealed the paranoia of the time period. ... There...

• Word Count: 3509
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The constitution gave our government a limited, an enumerated and a delegated right to act, dispensing power between three balanced branches. Then came an amendment to the constitution, the Bill of Rights. ... In direct correlation with our nation's constitution is a political philosophy know as libertarianism. ... As our constitution has it's founding fathers so does the Libertarian movement. ... Furthermore, there are nearly 30% of Americans that are registered as neither Democrat nor Republican. ...

• Word Count: 7038
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are a variety of advantages and disadvantages both statutory and constitutional for Australia to enact an Australian Bill of Rights but the disadvantages clearly outweigh the advantages hence Australia would be a better place without a bill of rights. ... The Courts have developed a power to review the administrative actions of the executive arm of government, in the same way that the High Court of Australia is able to review legislation alleged to be based on the constitutional powers of Section 51 of the Australian Constitution. ... There are limited rights of access to the court fo...

• Word Count: 2831
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There is no doubt that white collar crime has increased over the last hundred years. ... And since this "loophole" was created there has been an explosion of "soft money" fundraising. ... For example, in politics there is something called an "Iron Triangle." ... I want to briefly talk about how an "Iron Triangle" works why it constitutes much of the "soft money" in the political system. ... The Federal Election Commission, and how this could affect future laws. ...

• Word Count: 2580
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

" 4 This once again, demonstrates how the economic differences between the Northern and Southern states, led to serious tensions between the two. ... Jefferson considered the 10th amendment to be "the foundation of the Constitution.... Jefferson was widely supported in the South, which makes evident that many Southerners disagreed with the idea of a strong central government. ... Beard consolidated various scholarly views of the Constitution and the economic interpretation of the Constitution. ... No one was better prepared to defend the Constitution than New Yorker, and federalist, ...

• Word Count: 3046
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Our nation's Constitution specified how the president was to be elected, but left who was allowed to vote up to the states. For many years, voting rights were reserved only for white males who owned land. ... Even after the passage of the 15th amendment in 1870, which stated that the right to vote could not "be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude," many states (mostly in the south) found ways to restrict these rights. ... "There are many citizens who don't have a driver's license or birth certifica...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Three days later, the delegates took the famous Tennis Court Oath, vowing not to disband until France had a new constitution. ... It would be the first of many broken promises. ... Despite the bloodshed at the Bastille and the riots in Paris, there was some clear-headed thinking. ... By confiscating church property, no matter how justified, France's Revolutionary leaders showed that they weren't interested in a true free society, only in one created in the image of their own philosophers. ... There was no 'revolutionary justice'; there was no reign of terror; there were no ...

• Word Count: 2777
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Africa, societies ranged from complex kingdoms to hunter-gatherer communities, with many tribal, religious, and linguistic differences. But the peoples of these continents had many things in common. Many considered themselves stewards of their ancestral homelands. ... However, there is a history of slavery long before white men stumbled upon the Americas. ... " Native Americans quickly learned just how valuable these African American slaves were and began selling and trading them amongst their own tribes. ...

• Word Count: 2752
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

With close to two million people behind bars across the nation, there is quite a bit of money to be made from the U.S. prison industry. ... Other important questions are: How does this private interest affect policy-making? How does the incentive to cut costs affect safety? ... These crimes, called "aggravated felonies," are now defined to include many offenses that are neither aggravated nor even, in many other jurisdictions, felonies. ... There is little doubt that the current administration will continue the trend. ...

• Word Count: 3333
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Through persistence, African Americans were able to pass the Civil rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, along with many more legal achievements1. ... Many years after Hall's death, the Prince Hall Masons continued to meet and promote lives of virtue, equality and democracy. ... With this type of organization and purpose, black fraternal groups were able to pass the 15th amendment on May 19,1870 which allowed freed slaves the right to vote. Which was a milestone in mission for civil rights and equality, but there was still...

• Word Count: 3545
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Legalities of Performance Enhancing Drugs In Sports Introduction Though there exist numerous positive aspects and elements to sports, like everything there exists negative aspects as well. ... This paper will delve into and discuss how this phenomenon developed and the history behind performance enhancing drugs use, as well as shed light on the different types of drugs that are now in circulation. ... First, they decrease water retention and thus decreasing an athlete's weight, an important consideration in many speed sports, they increase the speed of an athlete. ... All anti-dopin...

• Word Count: 2559
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This paper will discuss how abortion became legal in the states, legislation states have passed to control abortion and how states decide to fund abortion. ... It was decided that a woman's right to privacy was under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment of the Constitution. ... In case Roe is ever overturned, many states, such as Arkansas and Kentucky, have put trigger laws in place. ... In 1976, there was Planned Parenthood of Central Missouri v. ... There are currently cases in motion concerning abortion in the states that will decide how much more power states can have when i...

• Word Count: 2668
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Engineering encompasses a wide variety of fields like; Aeronautical engineering, Chemical engineering, Civil engineering, Computer engineering, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering and many more. ... After many discussions and much alteration, the AIEE Board of Directors implemented a code in March, 1912. ... Many have undertaken radical amendments more than once. ... Engineering is a vast field and hence there is a need for comprehensive codes of ethics for each varying field as the requirements of each field are quite unique and diverse from the other. ... There is some dissimilar...

• Word Count: 3612
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The following assessment is about current HR practices in India and how external and internal features have helped in shaping it. ... (Beer et al.), there is no broad consensus in definition of IHRM. ... The national language spoken in India is Hindi, by almost 30 per cent of Indian population apart from it there are other 14 languages recognized Indian constitution. ... But such act has been abolished and termed as illegal in 1949 by Indian constitution, although nepotism is still prevalent. ... India has recently become a favorite spot for many foreign firms and organizations. ...

• Word Count: 2857
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The following assessment is about current HR practices in India and how external and internal features have helped in shaping it. ... (Beer et al.), there is no broad consensus in definition of IHRM. ... The national language spoken in India is Hindi, by almost 30 per cent of Indian population apart from it there are other 14 languages recognized Indian constitution. ... But such act has been abolished and termed as illegal in 1949 by Indian constitution, although nepotism is still prevalent. ... India has recently become a favorite spot for many foreign firms and organizations. ...

• Word Count: 2857
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate