... pour faire relachement, par exemple couter la musique tranquille. Methodes que ne cause pas de nombreux cancer, par example le cancer des poumons ou la cancer de la gorge! Les cigarettes coutent cheret laisse un odeur tr s mauvaise sur le fumeur. Il y a beaucoup de raisson contre le tabagisme, alors pourquoi est il y a beaucoup de fumeurs? La plupart d'eux savent les risques de fumer mais quand meme encore fumer car ... ils sont accro. C'est la nicotine dans la cigarette que rend accro. Mais c'est possible arreter ... ils polluer l'air quand ils fument. Il y a une loi anti-tabac que t ...

• Word Count: 286
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... she was always caught up in her work, she did not realize her children being spoiled. Marie Antoinette was taught by a tutor, Abbé Jacques de Vermond how to speak French and be a lady. On April 21 1770, Marie left her homeland and traveled to the French palace of Versailles to be ... dislike her. The Diamond Necklace Affair was a scandal in which Marie Antoinette played no part in. The Cardinal de Rohan wished to improve his social status at Versailles and a woman calling herself the Comtesse de La Motte offered to help him. This lady was actually a con artist and she hired a woman to...

• Word Count: 1428
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... legislature, and radical clubs advocating for republican ideas. The women of France were enacting the vision of liberal citizenship that Condorcet so enthusiastically supported. They joined the Confederation des amis de la verite, which, along with the Cordeliers, was the leading club in the movement to establish a democratic republic. It drew leading feminists such as Etta Palm d'Aelders. The Confederation ... and established herself as a public speaker in the revolutionary club movements who strongly advocated for women's rights. Mme d'Aelders published a pamphlet entitled Appel aux F...

• Word Count: 3295
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Marie-Rose Tascher de la Pagerie started life as an innocent girl living on the Island of Martinico. Rose went from being a plantation owners poor daughter to being one of ... Rose. Rose's mother did not want to let her youngest to go so in the end Rose was sent to France to marry Alexander de Beauharnais. Marie-Rose Tascher de la Pagerie married Alexander de Beauharnais on 13 December 1779. Rose only wanted to please her husband, as any woman would do. As Vicomtesse Rose wanted to be the ... great risk. After the nobility lost their rights it was no longer appropriate to indicate heritage ...

• Word Count: 2140
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... case in which several upper-middle class people were arrested for the crime of conspiracy against the government of France. This case was known as the "La Rouerie Plot." The case that was put before the French government stated that these individuals had organized a plot to invade the nation of France through Brittany ... the truth really was. Recently several letters were recovered in France. These letters were written by ten of the thirteen people who were convicted in the La Rouerie Plot, to their loved ones after they had been handed down their sentences. After reading these letters, ...

• Word Count: 5412
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... listened to The Giant' from Chris Morriss' Blue Jam' , Les Liasons Dangereuses' and The Goon Show'. Les Liasons Dangereuses', a BBC adaptation of a novel by Chodeleros De Laclos. The story is set in August 1785, in pre-revolutionary France. With the action centred around the world of the French aristocracy. The play begins with a narrated ... tone is not very confident and she seems to be getting used to the proper form of addressing other. Her mother Mme de Volanges who with the help of La Marquis de Merteuil are affably guiding her through her introduction into society. The introductio...

• Word Count: 1704
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... . We took a taxi to Bedford Hotel which was located on a quiet street in the heart of Paris near the Madeleine, opera and Place De La Concorde. The hotel is in the immediate vicinity of the shopping area of Fauchon, Elegant Faubourg St. Honore and Le Printemps and Galeries Lafayette Department ... in 1840. The Arch is a site both of memories and current events and celebrations. Standing in a direct line between the Louvre and the Grande Arche de la Défense, I could tell that the monument linked the past with the present and offered an amazing view. I think it was a a truly impressive .....

• Word Count: 2516
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... her court became known as the center of European culture. The first "traditional ballet- was first performed at Catherine's palace on a Sunday evening dated October 15, 1581. Named "Ballet Comique de la Reine- (The Queen's Dramatic Ballet), it was performed in honor of Catherine's sister, Margaret of Lorraine, who was marrying the duke of Joyeuse. It was a form of Ballet ... shapes such as squares, circles and triangles. Such combinations included two triangles within a circle, which portrayed a monarch's supreme power. Unlike any other production before this point in history, Ballet Com...

• Word Count: 1480
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... and intellectual developments of the 17th cent.""the discoveries of Isaac Newton, the rationalism of Réné Descartes, the skepticism of Pierre Bayle, the pantheism of Benedict de Spinoza, and the empiricism of Francis Bacon and John Locke "fostered the belief in natural law and universal order and the confidence in human reason that spread to influence ... role in disseminating the new ideas throughout Europe. Foremost in France among proponents of the Enlightenment were baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and comte de Buffon; Baron Turgot and other physiocrats; and Jean Jacques Rousseau, ...

• Word Count: 9269
• Approx Pages: 37

... . The evidence against Dreyfus was weak, but Mercier no longer hesitated and ordered the arrest of Dreyfus. Dreyfus received a letter ordering him to present himself at the office of General de Boisdeffre on October 15 at 9:00 a.m. in civilian clothes (D. Johnson 19). On a cold and misty morning, Dreyfus went to Boisdeffre's room and was instructed to dictate a letter which deliberately ... was unquestioned and their honor unsullied. "Senior army officers committed a series of irregular and illegal acts rather than admit Dreyfus's innocence and Mercier's original sin (Parry 94)."" On Octo...

• Word Count: 2526
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... monarchy to win on the battle field of the successes, in Belgium, to Fontenoy then, to Raucoux, at last to Lawfeld. But to Aix-la-Chapelle peace, in 1748, the royal diplomacy leaves to escape the occasion to obtain the Knowledge and Nice. The war of Seven Years sees to dissolve ... being dead in 1765 and Marries Leczinska having given eight girls to dynasty. Mined by the smallpox, the king extinguishes himself May 10 1774. Madame de Pompadour Madame du Pompadour was born Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson. Her father was a steward to the Paris brothers who ran the economy of France. Though her ....

• Word Count: 1619
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... The French are responsible for the classic tradition of serving dishes in separate courses. The tradition is historical and called by the French service a la ruses. The root of the extraordinary cooking of the French finds its base in the very culture of the French. Eating well is of ... of table finery: Venetian glassware, porcelain, and precious metals. An incredible assortment of pastries and sweet things would then follow these feasts. Catherine de Medici, daughter of Lorenzo, Duke of Urbino, arrived in France in the 1540's and is often regarded as the mother of French cooking. She ....

• Word Count: 1068
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... single suitcase, and "sorted- at mustering centers. Municipal Police Director Emile Hennequin had already set up 1,372 teams of officials composed of two "gardiens de la paix- or Peace Officers. These teams were reinforced by 1,916 other officers. Each group of officers contained index cards with addresses, occupation, age, ... responsible, nor is the republic for the Vichy Regime. " (Verdict on Vichy 2) In February of 2000, the French National Assembly "adopted a proposition de loi- that stated July 16th would commemorate the victims of the Vel' D' Hiv. As an added bonus, Vichy was accre...

• Word Count: 2706
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography

... cuckolded. These conflicting views of what a woman is or should be often lead a woman into an unhappy marriage. In both Biscalvret and Yonec, written by Marie de France, the reader sees a woman betray her husband in some way. In Bisclavret, a noble man tells his wife (after much coaxing on the wife's ... she later marries) the secret; "she sent [the knight] to get his clothes. Thus was Bisclavret betrayed/ And by his own wife waylaid- (Marie de France). This leads the reader to believe that a woman will betray her husband in three ways: by telling his secrets, by making his life extraor...

• Word Count: 1537
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Historians speculate, The Song of Roland or La Chanson de Roland was written at the end of the eleventh century. It's considered the most renown, French, chanson de geste, and the most ancient. The song was also one the first Medieval works. However, its author, is unknown. Some, give credit to Turoldus, as the author of the song. ( ... , battle Roland was killed. In the second, battle the French army defeated the Muslims. Finally, Ganelon, was captured, convicted, for his hideous crimes of treason and revenge. (novaonline.htm) Chanson de geste, meaning "songs of great deeds" was the principa...

• Word Count: 1124
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... religious wars, and would be spearheaded by a strengthening of the centralized government through the development of royal absolutism. The most significant contributor to this movement was Cardinal Armand du Plessis de Richelieu, political advisor to the king, Louis XIII, and head of the French Roman Catholic Church. The Cardinal's capable leadership, ambition and strong will fortified France's move from a ... of a revolt, especially should the Huguenots gain foreign support. Revolt would eventually occur as the Huguenots, aided by the British, rebelled against the French crown in the c...

• Word Count: 2210
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and their stand point in the royal families of France. The story revolves among the royal families of France and young Protestants. Catherine de Medici, the mother of King Charles XI, set an arranged marriage between her daughter Margot de Valois and Huguenot King Henri of Navarre who is a protestant in order to pacify France and wrest power away from Admiral Coligny ... , even the night of their wedding. On the other side of the story, the film also shows the love affair that is evolving between Margot and young Huguenot, Periz Gallant La Mole, the love she has found on the streets. She...

• Word Count: 861
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... occupied himself with meteorological observation and research and for some years published an annual "Atlas Météorologique."" In 1907 he published his "Recherchés experimentales sur la Résistance de l'air, executées à la Tour Eiffel."" When aeroplanes became practicable, he began to apply these researches for the benefit of the new art of flying. In 1910 he published a book describing ... ...

• Word Count: 691
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... . Several French entrepreneurs financed the construction of Russian, Spanish and Italian railways and, also providing loans to other states like Portugal, Austria-Hungary and Mexico. A well-known French engineer, Ferdinand de Lesseps even raised enough money through loans to finance the construction of the Suez Canal, which was opened in 1869. Though great Britain was the chief beneficiary of this canal ... of depression and tension he committed suicide by shooting himself. Moderate republicans drew support from the Catholic right against socialist parties. Panama Canal Scandal under Fer...

• Word Count: 3181
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

... of war with ideas in 1755, in France Voltaire was known as the greatest living dramatist. In his notebook, Voltaire was viewed as artistic with his writings; "L'art de 1a guerre eS.t comme ce1ui de la medecine, meurtrier et conjectural " ( Voltaire's Notebook, 18). Statements by Voltaire in Candide has statements of war on religion, with Louis XLV controlling the land and no one ... ...

• Word Count: 511
• Approx Pages: 2

... . Shakespear, Webster, and Marlowe each enacted the oppositions of the kings, conquerors, and also the brainiacs of their time. The later creations of the Spainards such as Lope de Vega and Calderon de la Barca followed in the footsteps of their past writters by writting of tragic heroism. Lope and Caldron were not the only one who carried on with this traditional writting ... ...

• Word Count: 774
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... mentions anything about the relationship the Queen of France has with the Duke of Buckingham. The movie also excludes the ! siege of La Rochelle and the details surrounding it: like the imprisonment of Milady in London by Lord de Winter; the death of the Duke of Buckingham by order of the Cardinal, and how Milady carries out the order by having someone ... similarity is how in both the book and the movie Porthos was at one time married to Milady, and how he thought that he killed her because he finds a Flour de Lis on her shoulder. In conclusion, the book and the movie The Three Muskete...

• Word Count: 641
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... soon pressed with many debts. France later filed for a state of bankruptcy on August 16, 1777. The next controller-general, Charles Alexandre de Calonne, took the position in 1783. He was later unsuccessful as well. Etienne Charles Lomenie de Brienne, cardinal of Roman Catholic Church, succeeded Calonne after he worked against the leader of finance, Calonne, in the Assembly of the Notables ... of the guards and showed off to every one as he walked all around the scaffold. There was a brief silence and some cries but soon every one started shouting "Vive la République!- And so ends the ...

• Word Count: 1276
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... same message, as IKEA did in this translation: ' 'där large dag börjar'' (where each day begins) (IKEA Katalogen., 2015) For the French version we have: "commencer la journée en douceur" (start the day gently) (IKEA Catalogue., 2015) IKEA Sweden writes its catalogue both in English and Swedish, whereas IKEA France writes its version only in ... IKEA in France mostly promotes the low price of IKEA products. This can be seen in the slogan ' 'aménagement à Petit Prix'' (accommodation at low cost) (Slogan de IKEA., 2004). IKEA uses this type of advertising to emphas...

• Word Count: 1981
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . Beardsley was the enfant terrible of Art Nouveau with his exotic imagery in black & white work. In the 1880's, Grasset met with Georges Auriol, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and fellow Swiss artist Theophile-Alexandre Steinlen Laurtrec's La Goulue au Moulin Rouge broke new ground in 1891for poster design. He was the son of the Count of Troulouse and at the age of ... ...

• Word Count: 1192
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School