Amnesty International Amnesty International (AI) is a worldwide movement of people who campaign human rights internationally recognized, based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted and proclaimed by General Assembly Resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December, 1948). ... After the king violated several ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta (or Great Charter) that lists a number of what later came to be known as human rights. ... Examples of later social changes of civil rights include labor unions that introduce...

• Word Count: 1681
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The International Criminal Court is responsible for decreased crime rates because it's a powerful means of enforcing laws. ... Without these laws being enforced criminals would be encouraged to commit more crimes. Every place needs a peacemaker and The International Courts are our peacemakers. ... For many years the international criminal court was considered the missing link of the legal system and now that it exists it has done a lot to support the states and enforce the laws of the legal systems. ... The courts should create a law to which there will be a random selection of trails...

• Word Count: 667
• Approx Pages: 3

Well Amnesty International is a program set up to assist you in helping with these social problems that you think are unjust. ... He wrote to a British newspaper calling for an international campaign to attack authorities around the world with protests about the "forgotten" prisoners. ... Amnesty International is a worldwide movement of people who campaign for internationally recognized human rights. ... An example of a case that Amnesty International would intervene in is a case such as this one in Bangladesh. ... Today Amnesty has informed the Bangladesh government that they are viol...

• Word Count: 527
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are two main ways to distinguish the difference between domestic and international rights: One, international rights are more surrounding and involved in dealing with many rights more than the domestic law of most countries. ... The main types of human rights identified in international law relate to human rights, these include freedom of thought, protection against slavery and freedom of torture. ... There is choice for using international treaties for the interpretation of domestic law, a domestic law, which is free of elusiveness, prevails notwithstanding any violation of interna...

• Word Count: 888
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One exception to this is the recent change in the international coffee market. ... Collective action in regards to international trade can fit either of these definitions. ... They may reason that where they purchase their goods from has no direct bearing on international trade. ... (Chomsky 1998) Inciting a collective action wherein most of the participants are ignorant of the ultimate goals, free-riding and therefore acting irrationally is feasible for a state with institutions devoted to producing propaganda and enforcing laws. ... This scenario is even more relevant in regards to how a heg...

• Word Count: 2625
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One exception to this is the recent change in the international coffee market. ... Collective action in regards to international trade can fit either of these definitions. ... They may reason that where they purchase their goods from has no direct bearing on international trade. ... (Chomsky 1998) Inciting a collective action wherein most of the participants are ignorant of the ultimate goals, free-riding and therefore acting irrationally is feasible for a state with institutions devoted to producing propaganda and enforcing laws. ... This scenario is even more relevant in regards to how a heg...

• Word Count: 2629
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Private military and security companies fill the vacuum mainly left in three types of unstable situations: (i) in zones of low-intensity armed conflict (the new asymmetrical wars) where the armies are not fully deployed or in post conflict situations with a high level of insecurity; (ii) in armed conflicts when international organizations do not intervene; and (iii) in troubled areas in developing countries where there is no presence of the State and extractive transnational corporations operate.5 Under the emergent system of international criminal law the individual is a subject of the law. M...

• Word Count: 9871
• Approx Pages: 39
• Grade Level: Graduate

In order to achieve this result it would be necessary to incorporate the UN Convention into English law. ... The UN Convention applies to "every human being" below the age of eighteen years, unless, under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier". ... It recognises also "the importance of international cooperation for improving the living conditions in every country, in particular in developing countries. What is interesting is that the Convention is presented to the world, not as a declaration of intent by the governments of the different countries or as a blueprint fo...

• Word Count: 1937
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The basic factor that impacts the possibility of war and peace and also balance of power is the number of big powers that gets into the act in international system. ... Liberalism and Theory of International Relations Liberalism was influential under the name of 'idealism' in 1920s and 1930s. ... Main notions of liberalism: Priority of individual Universal human rights Progressivism Modernism Supremacy of law Secular morality Natural situation and adaptation Freedom of attempt Free market Free trade Limited government intervention Rationalism Liberal theory was in realism's sh...

• Word Count: 660
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Pinochet's Case - Evolution in International Law On the fateful morning of October 16, 1998 General Augusto Pinochet was arrested by London's Metropolitan Police based on a preliminary extradition request from the Spanish government. ... Pinochet's case revolutionized international law in began many questions which tested the enforceability, precision, interpretation, and legitimacy of the international legal system. ... Pinochet's case put to the test the stability and structure of our International Law system in many ways: it questioned the 1984 Torture convention ...

• Word Count: 867
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Graduate

According to Amnesty International USA, sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is an essential component of the universal right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. ... Amnesty International goes on to breakdown those rights as the right to get access to sexual and reproductive health care, autonomy in making decisions over one's sexual and reproductive choices, this is a critical component of beings exercising freedom of choice. ... This essay discusses Zimbabwe's laws, policies and social stance in r...

• Word Count: 2768
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

They also want to unify the democratic institutions, have active citizen participation and institute a rule of law. ... Other activities related to the national and international promotion of human rights, peace, and democracy the IDL are involved in are support for local Human Rights Committees. ... IDL is also responsible for spread of information to the international community and making them aware of human rights conditions in Peru. These activities allow the Institute to provide services in order to support and answer to the actual demands and needs, diagnose problems and propose solu...

• Word Count: 615
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Resolution The Commission on Human Rights, Deeply disturbed by the alarmingly high numbers of refugees throughout the world who do not receive adequate protection and assistance, and conscious of the serious challenge this is creating for the international community, Conscious of the human rights and humanitarian dimensions of the problems of refugees and the responsibilities this poses for States and the international community to explore methods and means better to address their specific protection and assistance needs, Emphasizing that the provision of security to refugees a...

• Word Count: 489
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Graduate

The WTO has several dispute panels that rule on which laws and policies are barriers to trade. ... The WTO has actively supported countries that consistently violate international labor laws. The countries that adhere to these laws are heavily disadvantaged. ... Through claiming that in a sense minimum wage is a barrier to trade the organization could demolish all international and local laws regarding wage. ... The policies impact many aspects of society, including international environmental laws, human rights, and labor organization. ...

• Word Count: 600
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In South AFrica specifically, the PMC threatening the safety and the rights of the citizens and the law. In South America, the PMC DynCorp International was created to prevent the cultivation of illicit narcotics, to shut down illicit drug laboratories and networks, and to train the army and personnel of the country. ... To start off, the definition of a PMC should be explicitly defined in national law, whether it be through the expansion of the definition of a mercenary or having its own definition. ... There is still a probability that these tactics will not work, because these new laws woul...

• Word Count: 584
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Governments must also pass laws to ensure that individuals respect each other's human rights. ... History of the European Convention on Human Rights and Human Rights Act The European convention on human rights is an international treaty which protects the human rights and fundamental freedom in Europe. ... The ECHR established a court which was known as the European court of human rights, the court was seen as an international court which will interpret and apply the laws of the convention, Based in Strasbourg France and consisting of judges nominated by members of the council. ... Huma...

• Word Count: 3008
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

Traditionally, international law sees international disputes as a matter to be resolved between the contracting parties. International system of adjudication is inexorably horizontal. ... In international law, a nicety can be maintained between human rights instruments and non-human right instruments. ... The Genocide Convention: 7Under these convention state parties confirm that genocide is a crime under international law, which they undertake to prevent and to punish. ... The term 'in the territory of which' raises a very acute question of law. ...

• Word Count: 1519
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

In reality, the law gave the US government new powers to monitor and spy on communications, detains immigrants indefinitely, and access financial records. ... Theoretically, a Constitutional amendment should supersede any law passed by Congress, but in practice the Patriot Act became the practice. ... Another major contribution of Ishay is the point that we cannot draw conclusions about the legacy of international law in terms of human rights yet, as the proverbial jury is still out. ... In this context, we should regard laws like the Patriot Act as still variable and not merely finished produ...

• Word Count: 1320
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, much of the international law governing the jurisdiction of states is premised upon it. ... While classical international law restricts the rights of states to act within the territory of other states, and although during the Cold War the norms prohibiting intervention helped to prevent direct conflict between the Superpowers. There also arose during the post-WWII period a conflict in international law between statists and interventionists. ... While article 2.7 of the United Nations Charter prohibits unilateral or multilateral intervention in matters that are "essentially" within th...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Indeed, much of the international law governing the jurisdiction of states is premised upon it. ... While classical international law restricts the rights of states to act within the territory of other states, and although during the Cold War the norms prohibiting intervention helped to prevent direct conflict between the Superpowers. There also arose during the post-WWII period a conflict in international law between statists and interventionists. ... While article 2.7 of the United Nations Charter prohibits unilateral or multilateral intervention in matters that are "essentially" within th...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Firstly, the Jews of Germany were subjected to a series of discriminatory laws, including the Nuremberg Laws introduced in 1935, in which the Nazi revoke Reich citizenship for Jews and prohibit Jews from marrying or having sexual relations with persons of German. ... At the Doctors' trial in 1947 after the Holocaust, several of the doctors argued in their defense that there was no international law regarding medical experimentation. ... Firstly, the Jews of Germany were subjected to a series of discriminatory laws, including the Nuremberg Laws introduced in 1935, in which the Nazi revoke ...

• Word Count: 973
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Both are inconsistent with modern international law. ... International practice on treaties was flexible in that period. International law accepted that there were a range of political entities, not simply the single modern model of the sovereign state. In the law of the period it was not remarkable for tribes to be recognized as natural political communities, with whom international relations could be established. ... But it was clear that Indians were not talking about Canadian law, at least not the law as it stood in 1982. ...

• Word Count: 4016
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

Human rights became a matter of international concern in the 19th century. Most international discussions today combine the two views of human rights, that is, freedom and welfare rights. Along with the traditional civil rights enumerated in Western constitutions (for ex: equal protection of the laws, protection against arbitrary arrest, the right to a fair trial, freedom of ownership and trade, and freedom of expression, religion, and assembly) are included rights to acceptable employment, satisfactory conditions, health care, annuities, and vacation time. Sustained a...

• Word Count: 259
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

Human rights became a matter of international concern in the 19th century. Most international discussions today combine the two views of human rights, that is, freedom and welfare rights. Along with the traditional civil rights enumerated in Western constitutions (for ex: equal protection of the laws, protection against arbitrary arrest, the right to a fair trial, freedom of ownership and trade, and freedom of expression, religion, and assembly) are included rights to acceptable employment, satisfactory conditions, health care, annuities, and vacation time. Sustained a...

• Word Count: 259
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

After describing how gender violence became a human rights violation articulated in formal documents of international law, this chapter discusses one of the most important new issues in the gender violence and human rights field, that of the trafficking of sex workers. ... This recommendation suggests developing correctional, educational, and social services including shelters and training programs for law enforcement officers, judiciary, health, and social service personnel. ... Also in the early 1990s, the UN's Commission on the Status of Women recommended the formulation of an int...

• Word Count: 9630
• Approx Pages: 39
• Grade Level: Undergraduate