... for magnifying to focusing. Throughout the years, the uses of lenses has greatly expanded and improved in many ways. Now, we can see planets far away or magnify a small particle. History: The actual lens, a piece of curved glass, never really had a true inventor, it was probably formed naturally. However, the earliest record of lenses was a round glass sphere filled with water ... with a circular frame securing it. Real glass lenses only commenced manufacturing during the beginning of the 14th century in Germany, Italy and England. Some say the great invention of lenses, occurred around...

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• Grade Level: High School

The early twentieth-century was full of political tension. Europe's great powers were progressively coming to standoffs over acquiring new colonies. At the same time the Ottoman Empire was slowly crumbling. Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, and Serbia became independent affecting the balance of power in Europe. However open hostilities were triggered by the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Francis Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist in 1914. Austrians seeking vengeance blamed the Kingdom of Serbia and attacked Belgrade. The Serbs were allied with Russia and asked for ...

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... has seen many sights and has been a part of countless important events in the past and present, and is said to have dominated music for the past 200 years. Throughout history, inventions come along that "take art away from princes and give it the people". Not unlike the printing press, the piano made what was once intangible possible: the poorest of ... a person is not very intelligent, a simple tune can easily be learned. In addition to being a key factor in almost all western music styles, the piano has had a rich and eventful history. The piano can be directly linked to two instrumen...

• Word Count: 1185
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

First off history is a fact, event, or theory of the past. Iti's also the search for truth. It is a thing of high study today. Next we start off with a Us News and World ... . Tons of people have claimed in the past that they found America. Some of those people were Africans, Benicans Romans, and much more. But none of them made a differences in history like Chris Columbus. The First People to discover America were Asians. The were the first Americans. They crossed over the ocean which was frozen over. This happended 30,000's years ... . There was thieves to. And it was expensive. These were ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... Atlantic Treaty Organization. The country suffered a great loss to its capital after the Blitz raids from German Aircraft. After WWII, the Allied Powers stripped Germany of its power and helped Italy regain control of itself. When Europe was back to normal the United Kingdom went on trying to rebuild London. In Febuary 1952 King George was succeeded by his eldest daughter ... the IRA and the Protestant Paramilitary groups continued throughout 1993 resulting in a considerable loss of life and property damage. Today every country in the United Kingdom has a big role in history. Every time...

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• Grade Level: High School

The game played in class can be directly related to World War I. The objective of the game was to grow your GNP and end with the highest amount or be apart of the entente with the highest amount. To do this alliances had to be carefully agreed upon with attacks coming at the right times. The buildup of military was also an essential factor in either the successful attack on a country or alliance or the prevention of your country losing during an attack. Europe during the time of the Great War was almost identical to those situations in the game. The concepts of multi-polarity, deterrence, and ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... customs. Many people helped in the unification of these countries, and helped bring people from all parts of their nations to come together. Italy was left completely fragmented by the settlements reached at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. The Congress divided territory among the victors of the ... States to join Sardinia. In 1870 the army marched into Rome without opposition, and the people of Rome voted for the unification of Italy. The people of Haiti responsible for the revolt against the Europeans were slaves. Lead by Toussant L"Overture, the slaves thought of how ... remained o...

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History Assignment While the unification a Italy did effect world war one slightly, it had not nearly as much effect as Germany's unification. The Germans designed aggressive nationalism, started an arms race, gained territory and started a war they lost. This may have been due to the very different ways in which Germany and Italy were unified. Mainly democratically and politically Italy ... Armies and navies were greatly expanded. The armies of France and Germany doubled in size between 1870 and 1914. (www.schoolspider.com/history/worldwar1) It was agued that with all those weapons the countr...

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• Grade Level: High School

... economic and military reforms. Besides, external affairs and diplomatic skills were important to achieve their goal. In fact, though 1848 revolutions failed, the way for the future national unification of Italy and Germany was paved. Ideologically, Europe was turned into a new page after the year 1848. The 1848 movement dispelled the romantic dreams of the rationalists. Nationalists tried to attain ... and Italian states. Zollverein, a German customs union, was a example of free trade contributed to the unification of Germany. G.M. Trevelyan states that '1848 was the turning point at wh...

• Word Count: 953
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• Grade Level: High School

... of Afrika Korps Hitler - poorly educated Austrian; joined German workers party, became leader, changed name to Nazi; became Dictator of Germany Mussolini - in Fascist Party; declared himself Dictator of Italy Tojo - Dictator of Japan Stalin - Dictator of USSR Franco - Dictator of Spain Billy Mitchel - General that supported idea of Separate Air Arm (he wanted airplanes to be put into ... war - Underlying: Treaty of Versailles, Economic Problems in Germany, Nationalism, Rise of Dictatorships, Need for Industrial Resources, Spanish Civil War - Immediate: Invasion of Poland 3 Major Axis Pow...

• Word Count: 945
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte is regarded as one of the greatest military masterminds in the history of mankind. He was born in 1769 in a family of minor nobles who lives in Corsica, an Island off the coast of Italy. He grew up enrolled in a military academy, and later was commissioned as an artillery officer. The Revolution was the ultimate key to his high and ... French port of Toulon from the British and earning himself the position as a general. Desperate for more victories, he was sent to Italy to fight against the Austrians and Sardinians. Soon after, Paris took control over northern and ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... art, science, technology, and politics. Rome had many schools, and learning and the spread of ideas was valued. There was a point in the history when the Roman Empire stopped expanding. One reason the empire stopped expanding was because it had grown so large that one emperor could not control and ... Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. This renewed trade came slowly. One of the first counties to carry on extensive trade with these three areas was Italy. Some reasons as to why Italian merchants traded so much were because they had a large trade-ship fleet, money, and because of a merchant...

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• Grade Level: High School

... some important reasons for the establishment of the Triple Entente between Great Britain, Russia and France against the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria and Italy. The chapter, however, fails to cover in-depth, such reasons, which creates a vast gap in clearly understanding why these two alliances ... were formed with various countries pitting against each other. Great Britain and Italy had been free agents prior to the fall of international relations in Europe, therefore, should be prominent in any account of its outbreak. ... that support with France would ultimately lead to much m...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

History Essay On August 3, 1492, Columbus and his crew of ninety men along with two other ships set sail from Spain out across the ocean in search of a spice trail to ... America. But every second Monday in October is met with a series of celebrations and protests regarding this man who is said to have discovered America. Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy in 1451. He received very little formal schooling, but taught himself Portuguese, Spanish, and Latin. He never learned to read or write Italian. As a teenager he took particular interest in ... was believed to be flat, and to risk sailing ...

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• Grade Level: High School

... of the court system at all levels. Needles to say it never worked, but the New Deals all had a part in a recovering economy. 3. World War II In May of 1935 Italy invaded Ethiopia, and after quick work, Mussolini joined forces with Germany to form the Rome - Berlin Axis. On August 30, 1939 Germany led by Hitler's nazi army attacked Poland, and ... by treaty Britain and France came to Poland's defense. That marked the beginning of the second Great War. The major players in World War II were Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary which formed the Axis. Later Japan played an important role to ...

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• Grade Level: High School

U.S. History "The Renaissance" The renaissance was a period of time during the 1300's when Italy changed. The Renaissance spread throughout Western Europe, reaching its height in the 1500's. The renaissance was a quest for knowledge in nearly every field of study: art, literature, science, philosophy, economics, ... work of Leonardo de Vinci, the legendary sculptor painter, poet, inventor, and scientist. The golden age was a time when all the greatest artist of all time lived and worked in Italy during the renaissance. The 1400's and 1500's became a golden age in arts. Although the movement ...

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• Grade Level: High School

19th Century European History Question: - In the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars, were the similarities between the major powers of Europe greater than the differences? In answer to this question, we must first determine ... the balance of power in Europe was once again unsettled. Poland, Saxony and the Rhineland were given to Prussia from Russia and Austria was given territory in Eastern Europe and Italy. The common aims of the Great powers were beginning to take shape; France was surrounded by a group of buffer states to add protection against possible French aggression in the future ... ...

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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... beliefs. For this reason, many historians believe the Renaissance to be a period distinct from the Middle Ages. The Renaissance began in Italy in the 12th and 13th centuries. Many aspects of life during this time period differed from those of the Middle Ages, such as ... , or other general group. They never believed that their personal achievements held any significance until the Renaissance emerged. Throughout the 12th century in Italian history, people's thoughts changed. They saw themselves as individuals, they valued their personal attributes, and they were concerned with their perso...

• Word Count: 1173
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the Renaissance by Michael Smith The period arguably dating from around 1430 until the seventeenth century, named "Renaissance" by Michelet, heralded one of the largest cultural transformations in the recent history of Europe. Conflicting social and religious factors caused an upheaval of the medieval attitudes toward music's role in people's lives. The reformation caused great change for music, but what were ... feste Burg" influenced future composers such as Bach with the numerous Chorales he wrote. However I feel we can push it even further than this. Hymns and anthems are used throug...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"The Black Plague" The Black Plague was one of the worst and deadliest diseases known to man in the history of the world. The Plague originated in Italy and quickly spread throughout Europe killing more than one hundred thirty seven million people. Early treatments for the Plague were often bizarre but eventually came in a vaccine and through isolation. ... to the Plague because of the appearance of black blood beneath the skin. This disease became associated with the term "plague" because of the widespread fatalities that it caused throughout history (Platt 10-11). The people of the fourtee...

• Word Count: 1094
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... and ended in 1945. Six longs years of turmoil and pain which could have been easily avoided. Germany was the one who started the war but was later joined by Italy and Japan in 1940 and 1941. Then, with America and its allies, it soon became a global conflict. Many things happened during the war which were shocking and unbearable. The two ... coalition but it got way out of hand and became a world war. In terms of lives lost and material destruction, World War II was the most devastating war in human history. Many people perished for their beliefs and a most of them were innocent. I beli...

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• Grade Level: High School

... mostly unexplored continent, and they took it, without the consent of the African people (Pakenham 34). Evidence of the existence of imperialistic empires dates back to the dawn of written history, when local rulers extended their realms by conquering other states. Ancient imperialism reached its climax under the Roman Empire in Europe, but it never extended elsewhere (Pakenham 46). In the ... acquired the Congo, today called Zaire. Then the French moved into West Africa, while the British took control of much of the rest of the continent. Germany, Spain, Portugal, and Italy also entere...

• Word Count: 1113
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• Has Bibliography

... whimsicality, even-if you will-eccentricity. That is, something that can't be feigned, faked, imitated; something even a seasoned imposter couldn't be happy with- (Brodsky). Up until the late 1600s, European history was marked by a medieval structure consisting of religious traditions and practices. People's ideals were recognized by the rulers of their nations and the clergy. Individualism became crucial to people's lives ... also influenced the spread of nationalism in nineteenth-century Europe. Nationalists believed that one's highest loyalty should be given to the nation and appeale...

• Word Count: 919
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... has seen many sights and has been a part of countless important events in the past and present, and is said to have dominated music for the past 200 years. Throughout history, inventions come along that "take art away from princes and give it the people". Not unlike the printing press, the piano made what was once intangible possible: the poorest of ... a person is not very intelligent, a simple tune can easily be learned. In addition to being a key factor in almost all western music styles, the piano has had a rich and eventful history. The piano can be directly linked to two instrumen...

• Word Count: 1126
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Critical Book Review The Renaissance was a time in history that seems almost fantasy to most humans of today. Heroes from the artist Michelangelo to the poet Dante remain heroes of our own. This period is credited for the revival ... of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning, transforming the West from medieval to modern. What was the renaissance though? In The Renaissance: A Short History by Paul Johnson, the author tackles this question. Perhaps answering this question to the public is what inspired him to write the book. Paul Johnson manages to answer this complex ... on in...

• Word Count: 520
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• Has Bibliography