... however it has made the battle to guarantee equality more complex. Ending affirmative action in California has caused a drastic drop in the number of minorities admitted into the UC system, the lower amount of women in higher education programs in California and the decrease of women and ... that has all dropped since 1997. The fight for equal educational opportunities now seems to be over. Women are still receiving doctorates in great numbers, but not in the represented fields. Women comprised only 8.7% of the Ph.D.s in engineering and 18.4 of doctoral degrees in the physical ... city...

• Word Count: 1910
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... reauthorization, not entitled the Individuals with Disabilities Act in 1990 and 1997, the number of students nationwide receiving special education services had increased dramatically. Nationwide, between 1993 and 2000, the number of special education students has increased by 41%. And at the same time the number of qualified special education teachers had decreased. A study done by Dr. P. ... McKnab in 1995 concludes that the decline for special education teachers is 9.8%, as compared to a 6.1% deterioration rate in regular education teachers. Another astonishing statistic centers on s...

• Word Count: 1484
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... today are flooded by episodes dealing with teen pregnancies. The teenage rate in the United States declined in 1993 and 1994. Unfortunately, the number of birth decreased only to older teens, ages 18 and 19. Babies born to teens younger than 17 actually increased, reflecting a growing ... population of younger girls who are what we now euphemistically call "sexually active." The number of girls aged 14-17 will increase by more than a million between 1996 and 2005. Increasing numbers of children born to children are likely to repeat the devastating cycles of almost everything bad- ... th...

• Word Count: 2348
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography

... ages of 18 and 24 are female. Affirmative action is needed to attract women to underrepresented fields and to help them attain greater numbers in senior academic positions. Because a 2000 study showed that females had less confidence than males in their ability to do well in ... 73 cents, African American women 63 cents, and Latinas 53 cents. Similarly, a study done in 1988 found that workplace discrimination was the "number one barrier" for women in achieving future promotions .Even in today's supposedly "more equal" workplace, men in higher-paying jobs ... were due to money problems f...

• Word Count: 1760
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the true nature of Proposition 184, the voters passed it anyways. We are now experiencing the many pitfalls of this law, and our prison system is seeing a dramatic increase in numbers of non-violent criminals that are being incarcerated for long periods of time. As of March 7, 1994 if someone commits a crime that is considered a felony and they have one previous ... to do and has created problems for the justice system. In order for this to be a constructive law it has to be changed. Our prison systems cannot handle the large numbers of these "three-strike" offenders. Our tax dollars co...

• Word Count: 1504
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... is where children first learn to interact with other students when they are away from their parents. Here is where children are taught the very basics of education. Colors, shapes, numbers and other basic information are the elements most often learned in pre-school. This is a child's first educational learning experience. A child will then go on to kindergarten upon completion of ... their work (which is necessary and more important that an elementary students work) is dependant on a computer. A solution to this problem may be to ration the number of computers throughout grades K-12. B...

• Word Count: 1529
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... 12 months. That adds up to a significant amount considering more then four thousand prisoners are in jail for third strikes, and the numbers are still rising. That money that is spent on the prisons could be used for any number of things including schools or other educational activities. This law has to be amended in order to fully operate at the potential ... having a third strike law; the more offenders there are, the more criminal justice workloads there is causing loss of time and an increasing number of headaches to those who have to deal with them. There are also a growing number ...

• Word Count: 1431
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... a few initiatives of the War on Drugs. This is the model California follows today, and it is what has been overpacking prisons since the 1980s. Between 1980 and 2005, the number of drug arrests more than tripled from 581,000 to 1,846,351 (Mauer, 3.) What is more disturbing, however, is that 81% of those arrests were for possession, and only 19 ... % for sales (Mauer, 3.) These numbers should be reversed. Even America's perception of drugs before the Drug War was insignificant. According to Michelle Alexander, author of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of ... are short ter...

• Word Count: 1862
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... previously excluded from jobs or educational opportunities, or were denied opportunities once admitted, have gained access through affirmative action. When these policies received executive branch and judicial support, vast numbers of people of color, white women and immigrants have gained access they would not otherwise have had. These gains have led to very real changes. Affirmative action programs have ... bitter tenor in the trenches. "Angry white men" blame affirmative action for robbing them of promotions and other opportunities. And while many minorities and women support affirmat...

• Word Count: 1755
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... system shows that they are there because of lack of education, poverty, homelessness, drug addictions, and spousal abuse. Leslie Acoca (1998) states that given the rapidly increasing numbers of incarcerated woman and that a great number are in fact young and in their childbearing years, pregnant inmates are becoming increasingly common. In 1996, the National Counsel on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) did a study ... California has state programs that give incarcerated moms a chance to stay with their children. These programs were conceived about 20 years ago as an alternative way of handli...

• Word Count: 1373
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... not have huge water tanks; on long trips they depended on rain after the initial supply of water ran out. The Chinese were permitted to come on deck in small numbers when the weather was good, but during heavy wind and waves they remained in the hold of the ship with almost no light, save the little that came through the ... southern corporations and gold farms. During the antebellum period, the Southern whites were generally hostile towards the Chinese and often used violence to drive them away from the business. Moreover, a number of laws that imposed numerous taxes on the foreign min...

• Word Count: 2443
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... discrimination within minority groups involving employment, it did not cover educational institutions. Consequently, the Equal Employment Act of 1972 forced colleges and universities to admit members of minorities in greater numbers, especially in professional and graduate schools. The government recognized that educational opportunities to be as significant as those relating to employment. Another change was to quickly ensue. In 1973 nearing ... Supreme Court and they made a landmark ruling. A closely divided Supreme Court, with no majority opinion and six opinions in all, struck down ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... discrimination within minority groups involving employment, it did not cover educational institutions. Consequently, the Equal Employment Act of 1972 forced colleges and universities to admit members of minorities in greater numbers, especially in professional and graduate schools. The government recognized that educational opportunities to be as significant as those relating to employment. Another change was to quickly ensue. In 1973 nearing ... Supreme Court and they made a landmark ruling. A closely divided Supreme Court, with no majority opinion and six opinions in all, struck down ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... friends at preschool. I also learned a great deal of information as well. I believe this helped me in kindergarten because I had some structure and social skills. I still remember learning my address, phone number, and I still have my book about me, which I wrote down all of my information in it myself. In this little book, I showed how I knew colors, how to write, and to ... a million children. After reading through the past article, "Does Universal Preschool Pay?- I found so much valuable information. This article describes the idea of exposing very young children to letters and numbe...

• Word Count: 1468
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... ,000 illegal immigrants under the rug (los angeles). You must have a pretty big rug. It would have to be to just ignore an unlawful problem like that. Here are some numbers for you to think about: (1) There are an estimated 7,000,000 "undocumented workers- in the United States, but even that is a shot in the dark (los angeles). I mean how could ... 's license who isn't even supposed to be here. Here is what an illegal immigrant needs to obtain one: A Taxpayers Identification Card, which can be obtained by anyone without a social security number, and one other form of identification. This ...

• Word Count: 1418
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... boom since the 1880s, a boom that continued until the Depression. Many of the new Californians came from the Midwest, as they had in the 1880s, but by the 1920s significant numbers of Mexicans were coming to California to stay. During World War I, workers were in short supply. From 1914 through 1918, answering that demand, Mexicans came. By 1915, Mexicans and Mexican ... their doors in the 1930s; thousands of individual investors and depositors lost everything. California farm income in 1932 sank to just half of what it had been in 1929. The number of building permits in 1933 was less t...

• Word Count: 1570
• Approx Pages: 6

... are not certified in the fields in which they are teaching. 4. Many states have lowered class sizes while raising high school graduation requirements and other standards. These initiatives increase the numbers of educators required and make the profession more demanding. 5. Large urban school districts, like Los Angeles, find that 20 percent of their teachers are working with emergency teaching credentials. In ... . These facts reflect a system that has been unable, and at times, unwilling to address the needs of teachers. In turn, teaching professionals have responded by leaving the pro...

• Word Count: 2305
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... lived in peace for a few hundred years. In I am alone, Cochise writes, "This for a very long time has been the home of my people; they came from darkness few in numbers and feeble." In this quote, the symbol of darkness is used to represent the nomadic ancestors. Because little history was recorded, Cochise cannot see back very far into his roots ... ...

• Word Count: 1994
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... 100,000 white males in the same age group. (Meeks) -The crime victimization rate is 260 per 1,000 Hispanic households versus 144 per 1,000 non-Hispanic households. (Cole Smith) These numbers can be very alarming. It is obvious that minorities have more trouble with the law than whites. That is not fair. In order to fix this problem one must understand ... ...

• Word Count: 1657
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... that up to 1,000 Chinese died during the project as a result of avalanches and explosive accidents as they carved their way through the Sierra Mountains (other sources claim much more numbers of casualties). Even though the Chinese workers performed virtually all of the hardest, dirtiest, and most dangerous jobs, After they returned to California, the Chinese increasingly became the targets of ... ...

• Word Count: 1769
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... Georgia when a black kills a white twenty percent where sent to death row while when a white kills a black it is merely six percent who are sentenced to death, along with similar numbers in Florida. This disparity of the races is not representative of the community and needs to be addressed. The racial prejudices on juries allow for this discrimination. In addition to ... ...

• Word Count: 1591
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... students of Roosevelt High. Therefore, there were many issues the students at Roosevelt were attempting to address. These times were hard for the Mexican-American. Chicanos were dying at record numbers in the Vietnam War. Parents and Children were losing their foundation to battle. The effect of political isolation was standing over the community. High school for the Mexican-American was ... ...

• Word Count: 1254
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Wilson's Plan Makes College Unattainable. He asks the question "Is a California college education the bargain of the century? Or will higher fees put a college diploma out of reach of growing numbers of poor and middle-class students?- (12). Journalists like Freedberg along with many other decision makers are now taking the view that the UC and State run educational institutions are ... ...

• Word Count: 1464
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... multiple casualties affecting the population, public health, environment." It is talked about what precautions and what plans the government has to take into action before the catastrophe hits. The number of deaths from a magnitude 8.3 San Andreas Fault event estimated by the California Department of Mine and Geology are in "the range of 3,000 to 12,000 people depending on ... the time the event occurs, hospitalized casualties are estimated to be 3 times the number of deaths and significant non-hospitalized casualties are estimated at 30 times the number of deaths." To prevent the numbe...

• Word Count: 1650
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... average citizens is a legislature that looks more like America and less like a political class of arrogant politicians. Term limits also provide greater gender and racial and occupational diversity. The number of successful female and minority candidates has risen. Female candidates seem to find it easier to gain entry to term-limited legislatures than to non-term-limited legislatures and are ... the results are significant. With 40% of legislator freshmen, half the legislature's leaders are women and the first female House Speaker in history was elected in 1996. In California, the numbe...

• Word Count: 1797
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate