... American Communication Journal. http://acjournal.org/edit/index.htm Abstract Lindenmann, Walter K. "Measuring Public Relations Effectiveness For The Dole Food Company and the Society for Nutrition Education" Ketchum Public Relations Case Study. 1995. Purpose: Dole fruit company was interested in measuring the knowledge, attitude and behavior levels of a selected group of third grade teachers and their students ... regarding fruits and vegetables and proper nutrition, both before and after these audiences were exposed to a new CD-ROM educational program, prior to a national distribution. ...

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... of discovery, and the intellectual revolution simply added one or two major developments or points of departure to pre-existing themes. The profound impact that these changes had often misleadingly guides us to believe that the origins of modern Europe represent a complete break with medieval Europe. Yet, through careful examination of the medieval period, we come to find that to write ... ...

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... researcher is unable to effectively control secondary variables. There are basically two major types of survey research: cross sectional and longitudinal survey. The longitudinal survey also has the trend study, the cohort study and the panel studies under it. A cross-sectional survey is a survey method used to gather "one off" information from a population. It is used to gather ... or the literary style of particular authors. Experimental Studies The experimental research method is a research method that is used to establish cause-effect relationship among variables. The experimental ...

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... as well as the traditional educational researcher. This is a common approach among critical theorists because they are often concerned with larger and more complex issues, such as the study of how integrated learning systems improve the achievement test scores of disadvantaged students. C.A. Bowers (1988) used a similar approach in his paper entitled "Teaching a Nineteenth-Century ... relationships, and other types of domination and subjugation. Critical theorists have also used several types of quantitative methodology. Chappell (1996), for example, used content analysis to study the ...

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... producing stand-alone descriptions that cannot be linked to broader issues and be used to develop existing theories about human culture. As Denscombe, (1998,p72) explains: "If each ethnographic study produces a one-off, isolated piece of information, these pieces cannot contribute to the building up of any generalized knowledge about human societies." However a researcher could take the middle ground ... producing stand-alone descriptions that cannot be linked to broader issues and be used to develop existing theories about human culture. As Denscombe, (1998,p72) explains: "If each ethnog...

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... characteristics and car ownership were collected, and new data describing car characteristics. This will be the first time the method is used on Swedish data. Apart from producing estimates, the study will also further explore the theoretical aspects of using HP to estimate risk values from car prices. There are some theoretical challenges when using HP, e.g. the assumption that consumers ... narrative crash data are not felt to be critical to the current project efforts; estimating the true percentage of crashes attributable to various distracting events was not the goal. This study int...

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... been suggested in the literature. These include loyalty, word-of-mouth, price sensitivity, feedback to the supplier, and job satisfaction among the supplier's personnel. In this study, however, focus is on a particular class of variables related to purchasing patterns. In the customer satisfaction literature, one particular purchase-related variable dominates: repurchase intentions. Several ... of repurchase intentions, a positive association is thus at hand between repurchase intentions and customer profitability. 5. Discussion 5.1. Summary of the results and limitations The framework ...

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... of the modern chslovekoznaniya Academician BG Ananiev decades ago has tracked this trend: thanks to the subject matter of psychology is of particular importance for all the sciences that study human: biological, human, social. 6. Mathematisation and cybernetization: Psychologists their concepts are increasingly issued in the form of mathematical and cybernetic models 7. There is approaching a ... , a German, Ludwig Lange and Russian Nikolay Lange. Psychophysics. Psychologists E. Weber and G. Fechner in the mid-19th century. worked on the development of methods for the study of absolute an...

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... less frequent items. So we decided to take a second look at natural texts and the opportunities available for learning from multiple encounters, this time using more sensitive measures and a case study methodology. In the experiment reported in chapter 6, sensitive testing revealed a considerable increase in E's vocabulary knowledge after she encountered target words that occurred two, three or four times in a ... findings. Another result that has implications for materials design is the finding that large vocabulary gains were associated with reading an illustrated text . The comic boo...

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... expensive, quickly, analyzed, qualitative and not quantitative and will not reflect the opinion of the population at large. Focus groups are important when the nature of the study is exploratory, making generalization and conducting sample surveys. Such discussions are made and useful for some enlightened investigation as why certain products fail/succeed, why certain advertisements are ... that all respondents should equally and usefully respond to the questions, quarries of the researcher. Response equivalence may be ensured by: Uniform Data Collection Procedures Identical methods of i...

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... that this became a difficult task as the interpretation of the word appeared to interfere with the participants colour recognition. The purpose this study consequently is to replicate the stroop effect in an experimental situation and to discuss theories of attention in regards to it. The main ... would provide more representative and consistent results. 2.5 The sample was generated by randomly asking people within the college to participate in the study. Opportunity sampling was used as no other forms of stratification were deemed to be pertinent. Apparatus: 2.2. Microsoft office was us...

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... chose to test for executive functioning and spatial span in the normal siblings. She wanted to see if these genetic links affected the apparently normal children. In this particular study, doctors compared the spatial working memory and executive control of autism siblings, developmental delay siblings, and siblings of normal children. They concluded that poor executive control was characteristic ... concern of genetics, doctors also wanted to test for language abilities in autism siblings. It has long been suspected that siblings of children with autism have decreased language abilities...

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... the philosophy of science explores whether scientific results are actually the study of truth. Scientific realism is an area of study in the philosophy of science and has a contrasting view called anti realism. The debate between the two revolves around their disagreement between the existence of an external world. A scientific realist ... former theories, as proposed by Newton-Smith's approach, is false. Brown dismisses this notion by providing an example of a former theory that was explain by both astronomy (study of celestial objects) and astrology(study of the positioning of astral...

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... was embraced. But, the higher Renaissance gave rise to new inquiries in reference to the physical world. Propelled by geographical explorations, artists and thinkers began to find new specimens of study and yearned to know and portray reality. This prompted a dramatic rise in scientific exploration. People began to inquire about certain subjects, and began to think for themselves. Questions were asked ... conclusions did not always match up with the accepted truths, and this finding inspired others to delve further into the study of the world around them."(Spark - The Scientific Revolut...

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... in very broad terms refers to the process of selecting additional avenues of research or cases and comparing them with previously completed cases. An example of this would be the study of family obligations as used in Bryman. In this example, the researchers chose to revise what they have already found by creating subgroups within the original interviewees and were able ... factors involved in the creation of activist groups. Sociology professor, Peter Eisinger is often credited as the first to used this theory with his study of urban protests in major cities within the United States. I...

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... and the leaders of higher education, should be encouraged. In order to, promote experiential learning by way of active engagement. In other words, from preschool through post-graduate study the emphasis should be on improving the way students receive mathematics and science instruction, organize their thoughts and ideas, and synthesize or evaluate information through hands-on, brains-on instruction ... scientific inquiry possible. The objective of this set course of action is to make sure that each student will: 1. Become well-informed about the important principles and conjectures of s...

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... , and statistical fit. "Incoherence shifts the balance toward rejection" and "has much weight as an indicator of falsity where there is clear incompatibility between the findings of a study and preexisting facts" (717). These criteria must be met, according to Susser, in order for there to be causal inference. Statistical inference is not the same as causal inference ... explanation based on chance does not establish causality, since there are many other possible noncausal reasons for an association to exist. The association could conceivably reflect some peculiarities of the study group...

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... . Science means "to know" and attempts to find out information by gathering knowledge. Thus the two theories which are being studied are in pursuit of this knowledge. Scientific Management is a study of management and attempts "to know" what motivates people to work harder and become more productive. The Humanistic approach is a far more modern approach to management adopting a far more hands ... advantage to the employer, as people could not waste time talking and therefore no time for personal views and discussions of negativity towards the company.(Harolambos & Holborn 1995) In the st...

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... academics, to opt for your company 1. Academic and entrepreneurial intentions: conceptual model Corporate purposes, are crucial to the creation of spin-off companies (Prodan, 2010). The conceptual model for the study of technology transfer from academia to new firms in terms of academics academic entrepreneur involving major catalyst and disincentives. Sam conceptual model identifies three main factors that affect the successful ... ...

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... (or "atomic weight"), and use these concepts to describe the structure of selected elements that are significant to living things. 4. Define isotope, and identify possible uses for isotopes in scientific study. 5. Explain how electrons are distributed in atoms, and how this affects the number and types of chemical bonds that can be formed. 6. Describe the various types of chemical bonds, the ... ...

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... scientific principles, as such, cannot be patented, nor do they usually have immediate commercial uses. Yet new scientific knowledge is highly important to technological advance. For that reason, entrepreneurs actively study the scientific output of university and government laboratories to find discoveries with commercial applicability. In fact, government and university labs have been fertile grounds for many technological breakthroughs, including hybrid ... ...

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... experiences and necessary demonstrations" (pg. 42). This is truly a modern view! Drake points out that Galileo, "on the contrary was struck by the utility of mathematics as a tool in the study of physics. Just because calculation did not exactly fit observation was no reason to exalt either, or to abandon either. The old philosophical barriers erected by Plato and Aristotle gave ... ...

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