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Attatchment Theories

The task in which to overcome the crisis is to become more purposeful and direct.
             4) School Age: 6 - 11 years (similar to Latency Stage). The Ego crisis in this stage is Industry Vs Inferiority. The task in which the crisis is to be overcome is to develop school, social and physical skills.
             The above four stages are relevant but should you wish to look at the final eight please consult my reference page.
             Mary Ainsworth.
             Mary Ainsworth developed a different way of measuring how an attachment is formed. Ainsworth set up a laboratory procedure called the "Strange Situation". Within this test the parent and infant are taken into the room from which they are to be observed. They are left alone in the room and the parent is asked not to join the infant whilst it explores the room. Then a stranger enters the room, he/she firstly talks with the parent and then approaches the infant, and on doing so the parent slips out of the room. The stranger now stays, and interacts with the infant. The parent greets and comforts the infant and then leaves again. This time the infant knows it has been left alone. The stranger now enters the room and starts to interact with the infant. Finally the parent enters the room, greets and then picks up the infant whilst the stranger slips out of the room.
             From this Ainsworth was able to classify the infant into one of three attachment categories she had developed based on it's behaviour when the parent returned.
             The three attachment categories are:.
             1. Securely attached .
             2. Insecurely attached (Avoidant).
             3. Insecurely attached (Anxious/Ambivalent).
             Securely attached means that the infant sought to interact with its parent following her absence. .
             Avoidant attached means that the infant may show sings of avoidance towards its mother upon her return - the infant might just as easily be comforted by the stranger.
             Anxious/Ambivalent attachment means that the infant may show signs of seeking and resistance simultaneously towards its mother upon her return.


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