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Madame Defarge - A Tale of Two CitiesIn Charles Dickens' novel, "A Tale of Two Cities," the character, Madame Defarge, is used to enhance the disturbing entity of the French Revolution. Dickens uses Defarge's evolution as a character to emotionally connect the reader to the Revolution, as her personal life parallels the story of the French people as a whole. The pain and betrayal caused by the French aristocracy sparked a desire for revenge in Madame Defarge, ultimately leading to a merciless, blood-thirsty mind-state. As Defarge transforms from a supposedly idle character to a woman whose haunted past justifies the cold determination of her personality, she mirrors the progress of the French Revolution, making the historical context of the novel more relevant to readers. When Madame Defarge makes her debut in the novel, she seems to be a stereotypical Victorian era woman, quietly knitting in the corner as her husband handles business and social affairs. "Madame Defarge knitted with nimble fingers and steady eyebro |
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Learning Community - Corner Lake Middle SchoolCorner Lake Middle School is a student-centered professional learning community which utilizes a digital curriculum to foster college and career readiness. In alignment with the Orange County public school district's vision to become the top producer of successful students in the nation, Corner Lake Middle School has implemented innovative teaching practices that utilize digital resources and, by doing so, has established goals and objectives that focus on becoming the top producer of digital learners in the nation. Similar to the model of organizations proposed by Mintzberg (1979), the school board and superintendent of schools serve at the strategic apex of the school system. The school principal serves as the supervisor and instructional leader of an organization comprised of assistant principals, deans, instructional coaches, support staff and teachers. Teachers function as the operating core. The effectiveness of their performance is primarily tied to student outcomes and the overall performance goals of the school. In order to address the diverse needs of its students, the Corner Lake Middle School faculty has |
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The Melting Pot of AmericaAmerica is a nation of immigrants. American's come from every ethnicity, religion and culture and as a result of the mixed ethnicity in US, there are more from Irish ancestry than in Ireland, more Italians in New York than in Venice, as well more Polish, blacks, Jews than in their leading cities of their countries. As consequence we cannot speak of a standard 'minority' or 'majority' model. The largest ethnic group is the British one representing 15% of the American population, on the second place are the Germans with a percentage of 13% and 11% are blacks. As a result of this mixture many Americans don't identify themselves ethnically because they can't. Diversity and unity remain in tension nowadays as always. There are not two groups alike regarding geography, age, occupation, income, culture etc. To explain these differences may b |
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Robert Frost and The Road Not Taken"The Road Not Taken" is a poem about Robert Frost reflecting on a personal experience. He writes about the time when he had to make a tough decision. With the evidence gathered up, it seems as if he regretted the outcome of his decision and he is curious as to see whether the other choice could have been better or not. This is a very intellectual poem that could leave people in suspense. For a first time reader, you would never be able to tell if Frost actually regretted taking the path he chose, or if he was actually grateful for it. It all depends on how a person reads Frost's wording. The inspiration for this poem came from his walks with his friend, Edward Thomas, of England. In 1914, when Frost and Thomas lived in Gloucestershire, they frequently took long walks through the countryside. Thomas would choose the path which he thought might show his American friend a rare plant or any kind of special interest. However, by the end of the walk, Thomas would regret the choice |
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Eugenics, America and the NazisThe American eugenics movement was a major factor in Hitler's belief that he could create a superior race (Kelly). It is a bit daunting how so few Americans know about the American eugenics movement considering how consequential it was to the United States and the world. Eugenics reflects social and political ideas rather than scientific ones. Eugenics had dire effects in cultures of the twentieth century in many countries. During 1893, Sir Francis Galton started an inquisition on the genetic and heredity selection of desirable characteristics. Eugenics was created in the late nineteenth century designed as a way to protect the upper class from inferior people and cultures. America was a quarrelsome place in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Many immigrants moved into large, already crowded cities such as Chicago and New York. Immigrants coming from Southern and Eastern Europe brought drastically different philosophies with them such as anarchism, anarchism, and Marxism |
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Changing Trends and Functions of the Family"Family life is the foundation on which our communities, our society and our country are built." Yet in the UK, there are increasingly divergent views on what actually constitutes 'the family', and there is now widespread acceptance of different forms of family life: cohabitation, lone parenthood, same sex partnerships as well as heterosexual marriage. It is estimated that the total adult population will rise by 10% between 1996 and 2021, yet the total number of single and divorced people will both increase by around 50%. In comparison, it is predicted that the married population will fall by 10%. As a result, married people may become a minority of the adult population within the next 10 years. The rapid structural changes in family life have been caused by a number of factors, including: • the declining influence of the Church and 'traditional' religion • increasing individualism • changing attitudes to marriage and its commitment • the con |
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Important Foundations of Management1. Introduction The key to maximise the efficiency of the construction industry is the method of accurate cost estimating. Accurately estimating the costs incorporated within the industry aids not only investors, but also clients, consultants and contractors, as inaccurate cost estimating will lead to complications with tender results not matching clients' budgets. This is problematic as the investors and the associated parties will experience corresponding time delays and increased construction costs, which impact on the financial returns of a building project (Lawther, 2001). As stated in the base paper for this report, there are "little known, low visibility factors such as procurement methods and contractual arrangements that significantly affect estimate accuracy, but are distinctly unnoticed and disregarded" (Enshassi, 2013). Since this is an enduring issue with pre-tender cost estimating, this report will focus, firstly, on specific factors related to procurement methods and co |
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The Catholic Church, Religion And SocietyThroughout history, many advances in science, technology and the ever-changing morals and values of society have presented challenges to religious traditions. These include such challenges as heretical teachings, the black death and more importantly the renaissance and nationalism that challenge the foundational beliefs and values of the religious tradition. All challenges that a religion may encounter affects the religion as a whole. There may be one aspect that is the main focus or target of a challenges but because the aspects are interconnected, what affects one will inevitably bring questioning, tensions or enthusiastic support for and increased participation in others. For example questioning to the beliefs, may affect rituals, social structures, and also sacred texts and other religious writings. At this time in history the church had not been challenged from around 500 AD to approximately 1500 and remained largely the same. As hi |
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Key Theories of Market SocietyOne of Polanyi's key theories is a "double movement" that arises out of a trend to push towards free market deregulation of the economy. A spontaneous fictitious backlash occurs in order to protect nature and economic resources from commodification of market units. This idea has been birthed by Polanyi's insight into the changing patterns of markets and their role in respect to social life as the economy becomes more industrialised. Polanyi describes the evolution of markets from the early 1500's and 1600's where markets were largely uncompetitive and isolated to recent globalist markets that are seen as being highly competitive and central to everyday social life. The natures of markets prior to the industrial revolution and the emergence of the capitalist economy where markets in which market prices were determined more by adherence to social, religious and political normative forces than forces of competition in trade (Polanyi; 1994). This is called the "just price" in w |
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The Global Issue of SalinityIncreasing salinity is one of the most significant environmental problems facing the world. The issue of rising salinity has resulted in 5.7 million hectares of Australia's most productive land making it useless for agricultural purposes. The effects of rising salinity levels have the potential to ruins crops, pollute fresh water systems and kill off vegetation on a global scale. Salt is built up in Australia as a result of natural rock weathering, or the simple act of sea salt dropping via rain or wind and flowing into the water. Vast amounts of it has built up over thousands of years in the water table. The native Australian vegetation plays a critical role in maintaining the water balance in soils. Prior to European colonization the deep routed Australian plants and trees were able to reduce discharged water by intercepting rainwater. Salt-affected soils occur when there are dramatic changes in the natural water systems whenever the land. The extensive removal of deep-rooted native |
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A Look at Armies and RevolutionsThe essay "Militaries and Revolutions,"" by Zoltan Barany tries to explain the various input factors that could successively lead to an accurate prediction of the militaries response for or against in regards to a civil revolution. The essay highlights a multitude of variables both internally and externally that could lead to military's decision whether to be in favor of or against a revolution against the status quo regime. The essay highlights critically four main category variables that are suggestive of the action or decision a military might make upon these bases, namely the military establishments' internal factors, the state, the society and finally the external environment. Primarily, the internal factors of the military all encompass around the thesis of internal cohesion amongst the military itself. An amalgamated military is likely to act in unison whether be it for or against the regime. This cohesion can be fragmented by sundry dynamics like religion, an ethnocentric drif |
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Foreign and Economic DevelopmentOpen Capital Markets for Borrowing There is a fierce backing for the motion that aid doesn't do much for its intended motives of development and poverty alleviation however it should be noted that Bilateral aid is a strategic aid often induced by underlying political policy incentives (Heinrich 2013, p. 423). Alesina and Dollar found that "donor countries disburse foreign aid largely as a function of strategic and geo-political considerations, rather than real needs of the receiving countries [Alesina and Dollar (1998)] " (Alesina & Weder 2002, p. 5). Opponents of foreign aid like Dambisa Moyo argue that the recipient countries would be better off relying on global capital markets raising bonds to finance development. In her book "Dead Aid," Moyo describes Africa's aid dependency suggesting the use of raising government bonds to raise funds rather than borrowing from World Bank or governments giving the example of Nigeria, which has already been successful. Djankov et al gives that " |
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An Imbalance of Life in AntigoneAntigone, a dramatic play written by Sophocles, tells the story of Antigone, a young woman in conflict with loyalty. She is feeling internal conflict mainly because she decides to go against the law and give her brother named Polynices, who was declared a traitor against Thebes, a proper burial. Another main source of contradiction she feels is that her sister sides with King Creon by agreeing that the law should go above the state. She is caught attempting to bury her brother by King Creon, and goes against her punishment of solitary in a cave by committing suicide while in captivity. The conflict in the play is mainly attributed to tension within Antigone's religion, family loyalty, and gender roles of Thebes; these represent the rigidness and imbalance of life in Greece at the time of Sophocles. At the time of Antigone, the nation itself is in conflict because the death and replacement of their former king, Eteocles, by King Creon. Polynices is a traitor against Thebes. After his de |
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Hiding Evil in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. HydeIn "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde," by Robert Louis Stevenson, Dr. Jekyll is motivated by fear in his decision to hide his evil side because he knows Hyde will only become worse. He doesn't want to become an outcast in the Victorian society and he is afraid that he will get caught for his vicious acts. Dr. Jekyll is a sophisticated, law-abiding citizen, that causes no harm and has always lived by the rules. This causes him to obtain a selfish desire to perform unpleasant acts. A powerful, transforming potion is the result of this desire; as it creates a man that is his alter ego, Edward Hyde. Dr. Jekyll has a fear that Hyde's uncontrollable behavior has only just begun; which will lead to his actions becoming worse. Since Jekyll takes the potion every so often, his desire to do evil things builds up over time, to the point where he unleashes viscously. He says, "My devil had long been caged, he comes out raging"" (133). With all of Hyde's evil built up inside, it unrave |
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Aspects of Nature in the Poems of Mary ShelleyIn "Hymn to Intellectual Beauty" and "Ode to the West Wind," the basis is nature, and the search for knowledge and understanding the beauty of nature itself. In these poems, the power of nature ties into different cycles of natures death and destruction. The wind is the most powerful form of nature and has the most influence. In Shelley's poem "Ode to the West Wind," the wind is the force that has all the power. It moves quickly and can either destroy or be a very pleasant experience. In his writing, the wind can carry his words to other places. The wind can be responsible for as he states the cycles of nature, growth, destruction and death. Nature as a whole in this poem provides a strong sense of understanding throughout each scene. "O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being" This is where the speaker describes the West Wind like the breath of Autumn, autumns air. In the whole second stanza, the colors of the leaves are brought to our attentio |
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I Am a Political Animal - Environmentalist IdeologyMy personal political ideology is environmentalism. After learning about all of the different ideologies, I felt like I connect most with environmentalism on many issues. I first believed I was a liberal, but then I learned that environmentalist share many of the same views on issues. Meaning that environmentalism is sort of a form of liberalism, but a little more specific to the environment. I did not even know an environment ideology existed. I am an avid tree hugger, and I care a lot about the environment. I desire to do everything I can to protect our precious mother earth. I strongly agree with reducing pollution and preserving natural resources. I would say I am a part of liberalism, but I want to be more specific and get involved in certain beliefs I strongly care about, like the environment. All of the surveys and activities I took in class stated that I fit into many green friendly groups. I know I am more on the left side because I disagree with many conservative views, such |
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Lord of the Flies - Id, Ego and SuperegoThe founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, created a theory that states human behaviors mostly occur from unconscious impulses from the brain. This theory leaves the common human being in question. Are we truly in control of our own behaviors? Freud's theory breaks the "unconscious"" mind into three impulses: Id, Ego, and Superego. The Id is the impulsive, more aggressive behavior. The super-ego is the moral kind that pushes goodness. The ego is the kind that tries to find middle ground between the Id and superego. Author, William Golding, exemplifies these impulses in his award winning book, "The Lord of the Flies." The Id, ego and superego are put to use through the main characters of the story. "The Lord of the Flies" is about a large group of English boys who are victims of a plane crash. Their plane crash lands on a random island and find themselves in a struggle with survival. Without the guidance of adults, it is up to themselves to live and create an inhabitable society. Gol |
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Unattainable Dreams in The Great GatsbySome dreams are essential for motivation and inspiration, but as revealed in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, "The Great Gatsby," some dreams are innately unattainable. Gatsby's dream, unfortunately, is the latter. In his childhood, he is so unsatisfied with his status quo that he creates a new identity for himself. He hopes to achieve the intrepid and impractical goal of blending into the upper class society. After meeting Daisy, he is utterly infatuated with her extravagant, idealistic, and narcissistic lifestyle. Daisy, who dazzles with glamour, prestige, dignity, sophistication, and affluence, has married the wealthy Tom Buchanan. What appears to be a genuine romantic relationship is actually a thinly veiled manifestation of materialistic lust. While Gatsby professes to adore Daisy, his worldview has objectified Daisy into a product that can be acquired through his own accumulation of wealth: what Gatsby cherishes is not Daisy, but rather her wealth and luxurious lifestyle. He has inev |
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Othello - Different and Relatable PerspectivesQuestion The value of a great text is its ability to speak to responders of different times and places. Is this true with Shakespeare's "Othello?" Discuss this with reference to at least two texts. Response William Shakespeare's "Othello" has the ability to speak to responders of different times and places as they all share different perspectives, including feminism, gay, lesbian and queer, which makes it such a "great text." Shakespeare reflects Elizabethan contexts and values whilst depicting a tragedy instigated by jealousy and mistrust. Geoffrey Sax's representation of "Othello," a film directed in 2001 focuses on the role of women after the feminist movement, being set in modern London fuelled by racial hate. The interpretation of Othello through film by Oliver Parker in 1995, conjugates the theme of homosexuality, reflective of his own context in the late 20th century, despite being set in the Elizabethan era. Thus in examining these different interpretations, the varying portr |
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Overview of Nationalism and FascismYouth and National Renewal "Triumph of the Will," is an exceptional documentary by Leni Riefenstahl, filmed in 1934 and a masterwork of poetic film making. The state commissioned this film in an intention to strike an agreement with Germans as well as reinforce the idea of the leadership principle. In the film enthusiastic and energetic youth appear continually smiling, drum-beating, swooning and flag waving in the presence of Fuhrer. Further, the film portrays young light-colored soldiers with faultless features smiling as opposed to intimidating in ways that soldiers are usually viewed. After a triumphant arrival of Fuhrer, young men are seen washing in a sensual manner as a celebration of the splendor of Aryan human form. The young men are shown joking and horse playing as an indication that the youth in the nation are enjoying themselves and doing really well. The youth association grew at a tremendous rate, because the law made Hitler Youth the only state organization. The State |
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The Culture of Apple, Inc.Introduction Various authors have adapted adopted different approaches while discussing culture. According to Flamholtz and Randle (2011), corporate culture cannot be seen, touched, smelled, tasted or even heard even if it is prevalent in every organization. Nevertheless, corporate culture permeates all elements of an organizational life and has a thoughtful impact on the success or failures of an organization. Despite all that, in case organizational culture is effectively managed, it ends up being a valuable asset to an organization while ineffective management of an organization culture can play a considerable role in determining whether an organization will be successful or not (Flamholtz and Randle, 2011). On the other hand Herzog (2011) used Sheine's definition of the organization culture as the ideal definition since organization has been described as "a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems or external adaptation and internal in |
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Michelangelo - Italian Renaissance ManMichelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni was a sculptor, painter and architect considered to be one of the greatest artists of the Italian Renaissance period. His work demonstrated a blend of psychological insight and intensity never before seen. His contemporaries recognized his talent, and Michelangelo received commissions from some of the most powerful men of his day, including popes and others affiliated within the Catholic Church. His resulting work, most notably his Sistine Chapel ceiling paintings, has been carefully tended and preserved, ensuring that generations to come would be able to view and appreciate Michelangelo's genius. According to one source, Michelangelo Buonarroti, the greatest of the Italian Renaissance artists, is born in the small village of Caprese on March 6, 1475 (Michelangelo Born). His father worked there as a magistrate for the Florentine republic. His family soon returned to the city of Florence, which was most known for the great cultural movement kno |
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Educating the Exceptional LearnerIt is important to not only be able to accurately identify developmental disabilities in children as well as find appropriate and effective means of teaching these children on a level that they can understand. There are websites available, such as the CDC's website available, that help identify symptoms of special needs such as ADHD. The child's doctor would be the most accurate way to have a child tested for developmental delays and other special needs. By identifying the needs early on, it can better prepare you for the future and give you a better understanding of what is to come. There are so many different assessments when it comes to testing for disabilities. The reason being is because there is no 100% method on testing for a disability because every child experiences disabilities different. Aside from this, there are also many different sub-types of disabilities so to speak. For example, with ADHD "there are three different types of ADHD, depending on which types of sympt |
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The Inferno and Divine ComedyInferno (Italian for "hell"), is the first part of Dante Alighieri's 14th-century epic poem "The Divine Comedy." It is followed by Purgatorio and Paradiso. It is an allegory telling of the journey of Dante through Hell, guided by the Roman poet Virgil. In the poem, Hell is depicted as nine circles of suffering located within the Earth. Allegorically, "Divine Comedy" represents the journey of the soul towards God, with the Inferno describing the recognition and rejection of sin. The poem starts on Maundy Thursday in the year 1300. The narrator, Dante himself, is thirty-five years old, and thus "halfway along our life's path" (Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita) - half of the Biblical life expectancy of seventy (Psalms 89:10, Vulgate). The poet finds himself lost in a dark wood in front of a mountain, assailed by three beasts (a lion, a lonza [usually rendered as "leopard" or "leopon"], and a she-wolf), he cannot evade. Unable to find the "straight way" (dirit |
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Witchcraft in William Shakespeare's MacbethAssignment The force of evil in the world, specifically minions of Satan, was a real factor in Elizabethan and Jacobean times. Discuss the play MacBeth in the context of the immanent presence of witchcraft in Jacobean England. Response To many, William Shakespeare's "MacBeth" is a play about demonic betrayal and evil misconceptions. In the play, three witches approach the main character being MacBeth with prophetic knowledge of his near future and his immediate royalty; more specifically him becoming Thane of Cawdor, Thane of Glamis and King of Scotland. Shortly after his encounter with the witches he is pronounced Thane of Cawdor and due to this knowledge, Macbeth believes in all of the prophecies therefore committing regicide in order to become King faster. By caving in to the pressure, Macbeth then kills the previous king being King Duncan while he is sleeping soundly in his bed, and is declared King a few hours after framing the guards for the murder. After this happened, Macbeth' |
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