... of ethnomusicological study done in Indonesia. Be that as it may, it is the other worldly sound of gamelan that truly captured many a westerner's attention and imagination. Gamelan's first appearance in the west is a debated subject, but it is agreed upon that individual instruments (as opposed to whole ... instruments."(Rich, 1995; p. 190). McPhee used cellos, basses, low-harp and piano to play the roles of time keepers like the hand drum players in gamelan ensembles do. Tabuh-tabuhan was actually composed and first performed in Mexico in 1936. It wasn't until 1953 that the piece ... no...

• Word Count: 2643
• Approx Pages: 11

... freedmen better moral, which ultimately increased production. The North backs away from Reconstruction around 1870, when Northerners wanted to focus more on the North and West instead of the South. One of the main reasons for this is because "Northern businessmen who wanted to invest in the South had become convinced that ... any better till the movements of the 20th Century. The Westward expansion was a time for the Northeast to gain true economic control. To expand land in the West, Congress proposed the Homestead Act. "The Homestead Act gave Congress 160 acres free to any citizen, who...

• Word Count: 1356
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

In the story, West of the Jordan, by Laila Halaby, four cousins, Hala, Khadija, Soraya and Mawal all grow up with a identity crisis. They don't know who they are or who to become, due to being constantly ridiculed for being either American or Palestinian. Not only does society accuse them of this b...

• Word Count: 1386
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... state of liberty to the state of slavery, and took place between the XVI and XIX centuries. They were captured from the tribes situated on Africa's West Coast: Nigeria, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Congo, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Senegal, etc. and they were shipped in the southern area of North America (Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, ... preservation of their health. If they danced reluctantly or did not move with agility, they were flogged. Their music, upon these occasions, consisted of a drum, sometimes with only one head; and when that was worn out they made use of the bottom of one of the tu...

• Word Count: 4160
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... were used by the movie creators. Because of regulations, a union artist had to be used to create all of the pieces. After Beat Street, I remember seeing Breakin'. I viewed it as a West Coast reenactment of the B-boy scene, not really knowing the science behind its creation. Wiggles schooled me on the what went on behind the scenes, that resulted in the evolution of ... the new-wave band Blondie, as well as a number of other popular records. In 1982 Afrika Bambaataa's "Planet Rock" became the first rap record to use synthesizers and an electronic drum machine. With this recording, rap ar...

• Word Count: 4679
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... would have to pass to become an American citizen is a simple health test. European immigrants flocked to New York, Chicago, and Boston, and Asian immigrants settled up and down the West Coast. The rapid growth of these cities caused major problems, such as lack of jobs for all people. Tenements were extremely small rooms that were rented out at about $12 per ... his interests in the Carnegie Steel Company, he controlled about 25 percent of the American iron and steel production. In 1901 he sold his company to the United States Steel Corp. for $250 million and retired. Andrew Carnegie wa...

• Word Count: 2083
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... but no fossil evidence has been found to support that. Others suggest that curly coated horses were imported while the Russians occupied parts of the West Coast of North America. Another theory is that a man by the name of Tom Dixon imported curly horses from northern India to Nevada around ... are hardy and able to survive extreme winter conditions. The Chincoteague and Assateague Ponies inhabit the 37-mile, barrier island of Assateague off the coast of Maryland and Virginia. Both herds are essentially the same except for the area of the island on which they graze, divided only by ... ...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... a rather ambiguous message about the value of technological progress. In 1849, the finding of gold in California initiated a huge rush toward the West Coast and made California the main destination for new immigrants, a huge westward progress, which would bring opulence and prosperity for some, ruin and fatality ... idea of the construction of a transcontinental railroad that would be able to transport Californian resources to the East Coast quickly, and which would "deliver- people and freight to the West. The big American railroad lines (Union and Central Pacific, Atchison, Topeka and ...

• Word Count: 3252
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and more stable, the country began to expand. First, it captured places in the South, and then began its move West. By the late 1800s, America reached from one coast to the other, yet Americans still wanted more, so they looked to their neighbors. The expansionism of the late nineteenth ... and not have to work and just bask in their wealth until they die. America was already doing great by earlier expansionism into the West. Events like the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican War had already brought America more land and more opportunities. Also, with the population rising ... country ...

• Word Count: 1338
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... Nothing Like It in the World." Over the last forty years of the nineteenth century, America truly became the "United States" with a vast east-west axis, rather than a narrow north-south one. Though Abraham Lincoln is forever identified with holding America together during our Civil War, he had an ... water and to "engineer" paths over rugged mountains. The great distances of the American West would require ever-faster means of getting across big spaces, like the Great Plains and Deserts. Eventually, the trip from coast to coast across America would drop from 32 days in a stagecoach to 4...

• Word Count: 1107
• Approx Pages: 4

... , who was the father of gospel music, has brought forth many different views to gospel music and others also. Dorsey's childhood was in Villa Rica, Georgia, and a town thirty miles west of Atlanta. At the church he went to, he heard congregational singing and spirituals. He did not like these styles of song because, the way he heard it had lots ... acumen to include singer Sallie Martin as a partner. He wrote the songs and secured the rights to other songs. Sallie Martin then became a glorified sales rep. She traveled from coast to coast performing and selling music sheets to black churc...

• Word Count: 1353
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... communicate better when both are used together. Barring an accident, injury, or disease, all humans are fully capable of mastering both forms. Verbal communication is, of course, speech. Not every sound that comes out of your mouth constitutes speech, however. Speech is the faculty or act of expressing or describing thoughts, feeling, or perceptions by the articulation of words. Because language ... false. (Sperber) I was made aware of this during my second visit to the children's center on March 12th. Two boys were arguing over a drum that they both appeared to want. The first boy stan...

• Word Count: 1159
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... race in California, became the fuel and motivation for uprisings and protests against the unfair and racist nature of the law makers of the pacific coast. The first of the discriminating laws was to prevent the allowance of citizenship as well as the land ownership to be skewed amongst the anti- ... for the Japanese Americans. Where there was no extent of help from their protesting legislatures or senators they appeared to be far outnumbered on the west coast. Speculation only goes so far that one would think that the entire nation did not agree with the course of action taken by Californ...

• Word Count: 7032
• Approx Pages: 28

... Swing and Country music. He was a great traditional Hawaiian stylist, but was the first to really blend jazz and blues with the Hawaiian steel sound." Sol was born on Oahu in 1902, and was one of twenty-one children. He began playing the ukulele at age three and moved on ... played by dragging a piece of bone, glass, or metal across the strings to produce the sound. This was known as slide guitar. Picks were used on the thumb and ring finger for a crisper sound. The steel drum was electrified in 1935 in Texas. Rickenbacker was the first to market the electric steel guitar. ... to unique t...

• Word Count: 1380
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... such as New Orleans and Chicago to being almost universal is significant. Their proliferation arrived at the same time as the development of sound recording facilities. The work of Thomas Edison and later Bell Labs and RCA enabled sound to be recorded first on wax coated cylinder (Edison's phonograph) and later disks of shellac then vinyl.1 Without this new technology it would ... his most famous recording is different than almost any recordings that went before. It has so many overdubs that the underlying layer of sound, particularly in the low mid frequencies, is little more than a so...

• Word Count: 1272
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... grow, including grass. When the grass would never replenish itself, the sheep lacked a source of food. From 1492 -1519 the Spanish sent people to West Indies including Christopher Columbus, who incidentally discovered America. In 1519 Cortez lead an army through Mexico and conquered the Aztec Empire of six million people for ... status, or dignity. " Hakluyt also recognized the cruelty towards the Indians, "The Spaniardes have executedmost outrageous and more the Turkishe cruelties in all the west Indies. The climate in France lead to the lack of interest in the new world as their econo...

• Word Count: 2164
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Explorers Explorers are the reason that we, the American people, are able to live in this beautiful land from coast to coast and enjoy personal freedoms. However that was not the reason for the first expedition set out for America. Christopher Columbus landed ... , were sent on a mission by Thomas Jefferson to explore the uncharted lands of the West, in 1804. Jefferson had just purchased this land from France, and wanted to know what it was like in the West. Jefferson had filled in the missing places on the maps with rumors that they had heard ... the purpose of commerce. However, Lewis and Cl...

• Word Count: 880
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... and 1800, European traders shipped about ten million Africans to the New World. Most went to the West Indies or Latin American colonies. About five percent went to the colonies in America. Ships carrying goods such as rum and fish left New England for the west coast of Africa. There they were traded for Africans. Then the ships continued on the "middle passage ... " to the west Indies to trade Africans for molasses, then on to New England disterilleries to make rum from the molasses. The Africans remaining ... of preaching in which frequent assents and omens accentuated the minister's s...

• Word Count: 1117
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... the war of 1812 came to an end, the United States economy started to grow at a rapid pace, and its borders grew further south and further west. In 1814 British had just won a long and costly war with France and were ready to stop the fighting in America as well. The United ... leave until February due to bad weather. Because of this delay British forces along the gulf coast that were unaware that a peace deal had already been brokered decided to attack Mobile, and take control of the coast and the rivers, and then try and take New Orleans. The Americans were worried that New ... Orleans...

• Word Count: 1633
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... They attended this mission not knowing what to expect, travel to new places, and face war with other tribes and other nations, traveling in the west. In the expedition Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark some objective goals to reach throughout the mission. The reason Jefferson wanted Lewis and Clark to ... any way of trading. Jefferson also feared that the United States would lose the Pacific Coast if they didn't make a journey out to the west. The Americans were also interested in exploring the land in the west to see what they can use for their own needs. They looked for new passag...

• Word Count: 1506
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... Virginia and African slaves were forced to work for life. Slave labour became so reliable that King Charles II of England established Royal African Company to transport Africans from the west coast of Africa (Slavery in America). This ultimately became a trade route, which is known as the Middle Passage, where trade ships would collect slaves from Africa and ship them to America ... as labourers. In addition, the Europeans did not always kidnap Africans from Africa. There were slave trades ran by a tribal lord of the west region of Africa, for instance Ivory Coast. The slaves in Africa ...

• Word Count: 1001
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for the slaves and their families as they were captured from their homes and forced onto slave ships. Most of the Africans who were captured lived in small villages in West Africa. A typical village takeover would occur early in the morning. An enemy tribe would raid the village, and then burn the huts to the ground. Most of the people who ... slave trade, which was first controlled by Portugal, was now controlled by other European nations. In the late 1600's, Spain, Holland, England, France and Denmark were all sending ships to West Africa. The slave trade was becoming big business (Go...

• Word Count: 1224
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... to import slaves benefited both ship captains and colonial masters alike and contributed to economic growth. Colonial masters in need of labors disembarked to the west coast of Africa and there they would find black gold. The west coast of Africa possessed a different gold, the black gold they sought after were the black slaves being sold on the market there. Geographically, the triangular trade ... ...

• Word Count: 846
• Approx Pages: 3

What has been known as The Age of Exploration, was first started by the Portuguese. They began a huge race to build a commercial empire by exploring the coast of West Africa. They established trade in that of gold and slaves. Other trade items encouraged the exploration of more places. In the North Atlantic, an enormous trade in fish encouraged the ... , after they had made peace with Spain. During the 17th century, England established colonies in North America and the Carribean that became the foundations of the British Empire. In the West Indies, British set up sugar plantations, and in 165...

• Word Count: 990
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... the context of moral, economic and political issues. Regardless of the historical event, an underlying belief in manifest destiny, our nation's fate and duty to settle our North American lands coast to coast, underscored each territorial acquisition. It seems certain most Americans believed in a special manifest destiny for the nation, and this philosophical foundation enabled the United States to spread westward with ... and integrating them into the political and economic mainstream. In the south, the policies of reconstruction were aimed at a quick reintegration of that region back i...

• Word Count: 1625
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate