... professional area to identify a body of knowledge with theories from both within and without the area of distance learning. That body of knowledge grows with theory and research-because theory guides research. (Leslie, 1996). I will now describe specific theories given in each of the three articles being examined in this text, beginning with the article, "The Uneven Geography of Racial ... of racial and ethnic wage inequality across metropolitan labor markets. Prior geographic studies largely restricted analysis of the source of inter-metropolitan wage disparities to differences in indu...

• Word Count: 1095
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

I. Gut Reaction Upon reading this case study, I found myself disgusted with the advertising tactics of Union Tobacco, Inc. in marketing to young children in order to turn a profit. All too often in ... curb these practices within the company, Karen, an employee at Union Tobacco, Inc., has made an effort to scuttle marketing ploys directed towards children. In this particular study, Karen is trying to convince Janet Moore to join the brigade within Union Tobacco, Inc. to help put an end to their unethical ways. Janet Moore recently obtained ... the job sound appealing to Janet because she see...

• Word Count: 1780
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... that are due to all of the accusations being made about their products being made in "sweatshops". The case study will show the description of the legal, ethical, and cultural changes affecting Nike and the claims made of them running a sweatshop. This case study will decide the roles the host governments played in the business of Nike sweatshops. The case ... study will summarize the operational and strategic challenges that the management of Nike Corporation is facing. Legal, Ethical, and Cultural Changes Although Nike ... ...

• Word Count: 711
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... changes in health care coverage under the PPACA, however, the ability to remain competitive and profitable for HMFC is being threatened. Just in the two coverages mentioned in this case study, obvious increases in cost will occur. PPACA guidelines have eliminated lifetime and annual limits under health care plans for "essential health benefits" but plans existing prior to January ... cost option, and f) The employer's share of cost (PPACA, 2015). Even with the extensive levels of paperwork involved, keeping healthcare is the best option. Local 384 Union Positions The case study describe...

• Word Count: 1515
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ? Does the employee need to make arrangements? Even a mention of nearby public transportation deserves a brief discussion for the personal vehicle impaired workers. If there are any outdoor employee recreational areas, guides should point them out, and perhaps dovetail in the company smoking policy. Depending on the size of the complex, a scaled map could be helpful to the new workers. The guide ... ...

• Word Count: 1277
• Approx Pages: 5

Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members. It includes routine behaviors, norms, dominant values, and a feeling or climate conveyed. The purpose and function of this culture is to help foster internal integration, ... ...

• Word Count: 1844
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and in second place, to be authorized. Unfortunately many managers do not understand that to authorize implies to free powers that the persons already have. Empowerment is a practical manual that guides to its readers to continue step by step the fight of a manager by discovering three essential keys of authorizing. Even when many managers say that to authorize is only another ... ...

• Word Count: 1799
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

... do a sufficiently good job of both representing and selling your qualifications. A well-prepared resume serves as a road map that expertly leads where you want the interviewer to go. It efficiently guides the interviewer through your background in a logical, concise manner with clearly marked road signs that highlight your major accomplishments and key qualification. For a resume to be successful, it must do ... ...

• Word Count: 431
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... better sense of satisfaction when they feel their supervisors are displaying better relational and task-oriented behaviour (Harrington, C. A. 1996.). Research Methodology In order to proceed with the study, four hypotheses were established, consistent with the aim of the research described above. These hypotheses are given below: H1: The attributes of transactional leadership style such as rewards ... satisfaction the employees feel while working in the organisation. The collected data was then subjected to multiple regression analyses to get to the findings of the study. The study makes...

• Word Count: 2916
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... he defines as "the harnessing of organisational members' selves to their work roles". In engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively and emotionally during role performances ". Kahn's study started with the work of Goffman (1961), as well as looking across disciplines such as psychology (Freud 1922), sociology (Merton 1957) and group theorists (Slater 1966, Smith & ... , but the rest of the organisation populous also. Disengaged employees exhibit piecemeal role performances characterised by effortless, programmed or robotic actions (Kahn 1990). As a result o...

• Word Count: 9462
• Approx Pages: 38
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... he defines as "the harnessing of organisational members' selves to their work roles". In engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively and emotionally during role performances ". Kahn's study started with the work of Goffman (1961), as well as looking across disciplines such as psychology (Freud 1922), sociology (Merton 1957) and group theorists (Slater 1966, Smith & ... , but the rest of the organisation populous also. Disengaged employees exhibit piecemeal role performances characterised by effortless, programmed or robotic actions (Kahn 1990). As a result o...

• Word Count: 9462
• Approx Pages: 38
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ). The questionnaire comprises one of the most popular measures of job satisfaction and has been found to produce highly reliable results. The questionnaire used in this study includes 100 questions, and employed nine scales designed to measure satisfaction with respect to different components of employees' overall job satisfaction, namely; 1.Co-workers 2.Supervision ... scales include 81 questions. The other 19 questions related to employees' demographic characteristic such as age, gender, education level, etc. Sample The population for this study comprised forest industry employees in T...

• Word Count: 2475
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to employee turnover. For example, realistic job previews, selection procedures, socialization programs, promotion opportunities, and compensation practices were found to affect employee turnover. The purpose of this study assesses which HRM practices have a greater marginal impact on employee turnover during different economic cycles. It is predicted that under different economic cycles, different HRM practices have differential ... Heard (2000). Dependent Variables Since the effectiveness of a firm's HRM practices has been found to affect employee turnover, employee turnover rates were ...

• Word Count: 5232
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... are dealing with their elderly parents? Another aspect of judging organizational readiness for work/life programs is the employees' view of perceived support of the organization. The 1999 study by Thompson, Beauvais, and Lyness at the City University of New York and University of Rhode Island considered the links between an organization's work/family culture, addressing perceived ... managerial support, negative career consequences for devoting time to family concerns, and organizational time demands and expectations that interfere with family responsibilities. The study revealed that mo...

• Word Count: 4439
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... objective and goal [CITATION Fer04 l 1033]. The performance of the organization is analyzed and examined with the assets or resource of the organization. The main focus of this research study is on the proposition of the politics that are evaluated on the performance of the employees, attitude, behavior, decision power, and work stress. Organizational politics and performance follows a ... in the private sector, telecom sector and many other system of the organization. The performance of the organization is directly dependent on performance and focus of employees. In this study, we have...

• Word Count: 1667
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... from the daily stress of life. The vacation they choose depends on time off work and their personal preferences. According to the research in this study I believe that any break from work would serve to lessen job stressors and burnout. The break that most chose was active army reserve service. ... The control set of employees also took part in the tests at the same times before and after their counterpart served. The results of the study supported the authors stress respite hypothesis. The employees who had been called for reserve service came back to work feeling as though their stres...

• Word Count: 716
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . The second article by Jacquelyn DeMatteo entitled, "The Effects of Accountability on Training Effectiveness", looks in to the effects of accountability on training effectiveness. During this study trainees had to attend a training program on interviewing skills. The trainees received one of three sets of accountability instructions with manipulated accountability instructions, which were either presented ... before or after the training sessions. The idea behind this study was to investigate the potential of accountability to improve the effectiveness of training. There were four hypot...

• Word Count: 2251
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the gender wage gap. A higher level of education would normally be associated with a higher payment, but the population should also consider the field of study. In the real world, men and women are focused in different kinds of jobs. Almost 70% of the female working population concentrates in education, ... is going to be lower. On the other hand, men with a higher quantity of children tend to have higher incomes. The same study reveals that the wage gap is very small to almost inexistent for never married men and women. Some of these barriers can be eliminated within ... in unionized c...

• Word Count: 2024
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Live-In Caregiver Program. These women often work as "live-in caregivers" or "nannies." A study completed by Brigham (1995) explores the perceptions and experiences of Immigrant Filipino Caregivers in Edmonton. The data that is presented in the ... study was collected through qualitative interviews with nine women who have come to Canada as live-in caregivers. The study looks at the factors that impact the ability of the Filipino caregivers to participate and succeed ... Many women receive minimum wage, which they seldom get to keep as they have to send their earnings back home to thei...

• Word Count: 2919
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... manual systems, subjectivity can result. If employees suspect that policies are not being monitored or enforced consistently, it can lead to grievances and low employee morale. (Sanders, Nauta, 2004) Similarly, a study reported by Fister-Gale11 stated that tracking all instances of employee absences in one system provides evidence to all operational managers and managers in HR who may be interested in ... measures of the changes in both short and long-term absence. The statistical analysis had two goals: 1) to investigate the relationship between absence rates and levels of education, a...

• Word Count: 1948
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that continue to trample the success of unions. Finally, activities that could cease the long decline in union activity will be touched upon. This study will attempt to touch upon this subject matter in an objective sense while conveying current issues that unions deal with today. During World War I, ... (Gerber, 1999). III. Summary Unions have dealt with a great deal of issues over the past hundred years, with the main focus of this study in the past few decades. The change in economic conditions has handed over a steady hit to membership. Globalization of the economy has also had the ...

• Word Count: 3423
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

... that responded, 78% had a written equal opportunities policy. This ranged from 96% of those employing 5000+ employees compared with only 49% of small businesses with under 50 employees. An IRS study found that 72% of employers had a sexual harassment policy, usually as part of a general harassment policy. Half the employers with policies provided training for staff expected to deal with sexual ... 87 September/October, pp.14-23 Health and Safety Executive/Local Authorities Enforcement Liaison Committee (HELA) (2000) Occupational Stress. LAC Number 81/1 Incomes Data Services Ltd. (1999) Ha...

• Word Count: 12166
• Approx Pages: 49
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... supervisors in many ways. It has a role in every single department. Finance, marketing, and production. There are many reasons that make organizational behavior important in companies. The study of organizational behavior can significantly clarify the factors that influence how managers manage. The ability to communicate with workforce in different situation. The art of understanding, and learn about different ... I like to talk about them and discuss about the importance are: (a) motivation (b) communication (c) leadership. Motivation is the first and one of the important elements in or...

• Word Count: 1122
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

... for elite minds who will inevitably, go elsewhere, particularly to the US, to help build that economy at the expense of their native country's prosperity"" (Jeffcott 1). A recent study by Statistic Canada shows "that Canada has suffered over the last decade a net and increasing loss of skilled workers to the United States in several economically important occupations"" (Hodgson and ... "compared with the general population these workers who have left Canada are more likely to be better educated, higher income earners, and individuals of primer working age"" (Hodgson 1). A study produce b...

• Word Count: 4003
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... time (p. 39). Between 1930 and 1950, there were many studies on the human part of an organization. One of the most important contributions was a study by Western Electric that altered the light levels in the worker's area to see if it would affect their productivity. Though there was an increase in ... whether the area was more or less bright did not matter, until they got to the level of moonlight, productivity still increased. From this study, they were only able to conclude that the light level in the work area was not directly related to worker productivity but they could not ... ex...

• Word Count: 686
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School