... race. "Most of these quickly lost business and folded up, because they failed to realize that a large part of the Harlem attraction for downtown New Yorkers lay in simply watching the colored customers amuse themselves. And the smaller clubs had no big floor shows or a name band like the Cotton Club, so without black patronage, they were not amusing at all."" The only entertainer ... left was Gladys Bentley and when she got too famous she moved to Hollywood. "But everything goes, one way or ... Negro would lead a life from then on in green pastures of tolerance created by Countee Culle...

• Word Count: 1250
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... technique that involves playing the record back and forth with your hands by scratching the needle against and then with the groove. Flash also developed the backspin and extended Kool Herc's use of break beats. Hip hop is not just rapping it is also Djing, break dancing and graffiti art. Detractors criticize most rap ... themselves. While these gangsta rap artists are rapping violent lyrics they are also living that violent life of gangs and drugs. Two talented gangsta rap artists were Bigg Smalls (Notorious B.I.G) and Tupac Shakur were both murdered in what seemed like a gang related i...

• Word Count: 1267
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... debated, but it is commonly considered to have started in the Bronx, New York City, in the 1970's. It then migrated to the west coast cities, such as Los Angeles, California. Rap music is influenced by many genres, including rock and roll, disco, jazz, and of course blues. Like Blues, rap is usually spoken or chanted. Rap music is rebellious in nature, which ... they both were. "I Get Around" by Tupac and "Back Door Man" by Howlin Wolf not only show similar the two men are, but also show how similar their genres of music can be. "Back door man" is a phrase used in Southern culture to de...

• Word Count: 1900
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... Nassau County. Also the female population in Nassau is increasing while in the Bronx and Kings it is decreasing. There were also similarities between all of the counties. There are more women than men in the population, the highest percentage in the age category was between the ages of 25 and 64, and the amount of whites has decreased from 1990 to 2000. Although these are ... a household as a female can put many women below the poverty line. Educational Attainment for the year 2000 Population 25 years and over Table 3 Bronx Kings Nassau Population 794,792 1,552,870 908,693 High School G...

• Word Count: 1114
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... until he became famous in the 1920's.while in school he won a citywide poetry contest and then saw his stanzas widely reprinted. He later won several other poetry contests as a young man in high school and throughout college. Among the prizes won by Cullen there were Phi Beta Kappa honors and the Witter Bynner Poetry Prize. This specifically encouraged him to pursue a literary career. (Cayne 210 ... Cullen writing YET DO I MARVEL. This is poem that simply addresses Cullen's request for artist no to let race be reflected in their writings. (Cayne 210) Countee Cullen and many of the other...

• Word Count: 1342
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... completed in 1804 was known by generations of Virginians as the Virginia State Penitentiary or the "Pen". Since then Virginia has opened many more correctional facilities. In 1942, statewide Probation and Parole Services were created under the new Virginia Parole Board and were shifted to the Department of Corrections on July 1, 1974. It wasn't until the 1900's when Congress enacted legislation establishing ... Prisons on the other hand, are classified by the level of security they use. There are three levels of prison security. The first are minimum security prisons, there are no armed...

• Word Count: 1554
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... had the virtue of working towards "political stabilization" with the Russians; it was deeply committed to avoiding nuclear war - although Kennedy showed no interested in general disarmament. Meanwhile Black Americans took President Kennedy at his word and pressed for civil rights against racial discrimination. On 20 May, 1963 , "400 federal marshals (government policemen) had to be sent to ... seventies arriving soon after it and there was a general "been there, done that"(interview) mentality which created the seventies, a decade of disco, and doom, never quite living up to the intens...

• Word Count: 3259
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... the Navigation Act of 1651, in order to smother it. Charles II then decided that he had enough Dutch presence in the New World and on Monday, August 25, 1664, launched the Guinea, an English ship, to attack and take over the area. Other ships joined the Guinea, but no fighting occurred and a treaty was signed giving England all of New Netherlands. The settlers got ... to keep their land and property, however, the English were not accepted with open arms. In 1672, when Holland and England went to war, the Dutch soldiers retook New Amsterdam ... of residents living in Manhattan, then Bro...

• Word Count: 4369
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... into a liquid and then was mixed with pieces of bricks and clay. This formed a cement-like substance that was used to coat the tunnels and make them watertight. This waterproof lining was called the opus signinum. The channels were usually three feet wide and six feet high so that workers could walk inside of them when the water had been diverted, for inspection and repairs. There were a variety of ... . One of those methods was the covered trench. Approximately four fifths of the aqueduct systems were underground. Trenches were necessary when there was not a straight path to follow. The...

• Word Count: 5087
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: High School

... airplane actually was. Among whatever social conditions happened to be in the airport, anybody who was there was there temporarily. Everyone had somewhere to go, and I was no exception. With family in Wisconsin, Connecticut, and Florida, my family saw no hesitation in using Sandy's flying benefits. There were family reunions to attend, Thanksgiving turkeys to be cut, and endless beaches of white sand to be walked on. Of course ... , upon the gatekeeper announcing "last call for Smith, party of four!" the paged passengers do not show up, those who are waiting on the standby list are then ...

• Word Count: 3686
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... plenty of serious problems in today's society. Some problems not quite as severe as others, but still as important. Then there are some that have no place in society at all but are still here kind of like a disease. One problem in today's society that falls under the "disease" category is police brutality. Police in today ... they forgot that all were created equal. Either that or being an officer today means freedom to do what ever you wish including beating people to death. Knowing this you start to realize that you can't even trust police officers these days. Police officers are suppo...

• Word Count: 332
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... reflex a whole unique culture. Ebonics was developed by African slave descendants; it is a blend of primarily West African and European English. The main difference between Ebonics and traditional English is the distinctive pronunciation, the ways in which the words are combined to form grammatical statements. Some examples ... are the use of "ain"t", ending sentences with prepositions and the use of double negatives. Someone speaking the language of Ebonics is no different then if someone with a heavy southern accent. Just because a group talks differently then you doesn't mean that it'...

• Word Count: 239
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

... . What made it even harder was that everyone had their own cliques, and they didn't want to seem different by befriending the new guy. In middle school, popularity was based on how much fun you could make of another person, a newcomer couldn't make fun of anyone. In fact, they were the easiest targets. I was always the class clown in my previous neighborhood ... . Being a loud, comedic kid, I drew attention to myself quite easily. But it was different in the new area. It wasn't as easy as it was before. I always had someone to turn to in my old neighborhood. There would always be at least...

• Word Count: 428
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

For centuries blacks have suffered discrimination from the white society. They were thought to be uncivilized because of their dark skin color. Today, discrimination against skin color no longer exists legally in the United States. Public schools and workplaces are mixed with a variety colors and races from different countries. Though, it may seem that skin color doesn't matter in society, the majority of society ... from previous generations. Their mentality prevents them from behaving the same. Difference in behavior from a multicolored society is evident in schools, in society, and in tel...

• Word Count: 584
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

Gangs Gangs today are no different from the gangs of the 1900's. These Gangs have so many similar characteristics. They also have ways in which they are different. Gangs from the 1900's had mob leaders and gang leaders just like today's leaders. Each mob or gang had to make profits and each gang had there very own way to make these profits. Another major factor ... them selves. The major factor from the 1900's was the alcohol. Not so much drugs involved back then. One of the major alcohol movers from the 1900's was Al Capone. During the early 1900's the African American race formed most of th...

• Word Count: 433
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... , making him feel more like fifty then thirty. After writing his famous novel The Catcher in the Rye, and nine other short stories, Salinger decided to reside in Cornish, New Hampshire, where he claims he continues to write, but there is no evidence of his writing. In 1972 ... Salinger wrote letters to a eighteen year old student at Yale University who later left college to live with Salinger for nine months. Her name was Joyce Maynard, and she was not the only young woman that Salinger would have interesting relationships with. These relationships were defiantly romantic but to society ...

• Word Count: 854
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... at West Point, his own fort, his career was a controversial one. As an American military major general and a British military genius, Arnold had a great influence on the Revolutionary War. Benedict Arnold was born in Norwich ... and some much-needed ammunition were obtained. Oxen dragged these supplies 200 miles to Boston where General Washington's ill-equipped were stationed. Arnold then led a campaign on Lake Champlain. It was a very ill-fated mission. The British were very well equipped with Man-O-Wars, frigates, and ... some smaller vessels, while the Americans had a small fleet of ...

• Word Count: 647
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... used to the new city, how the new school teaches compared to high school, and how it is different from my old house. College life is a lot more different than it is similar compared to high school life. When I moved here there were many things I had to adjust to. It was almost like starting a new life ... with the old life being just on the weekends. I had to get a different job, go to a different school, and meet lots of new people. It was hard to become ... from living at my old house in Troy. I have to clean up after myself all the time and do laundry. I have accumulated lots of res...

• Word Count: 569
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... for the crash. but no one can fully account for it. Here are just some: Stocks were overpriced- Many believed that from the overpriced stocks, the crash brought the chare prices back to normal level. Except, studies show using measures of stock value that prices were not too high. Massive fraud and Illegal activity- Many believed but evidence revealed that there was probably very little ... insider trading or illegal manipulation. Margin buying- Another reason but not the main reason for the crash. There was very little margin outstanding relative to the value of the market(margin avera...

• Word Count: 771
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... of romanticism. In contrast, Americans resemble a group of people who are healthy and filled with energy because they love to exercise and stay outdoors. In some cultures, people do not bother to spend time to exercise, but in America, doing exercise is like a part of people's life. No matter how busy Americans are, they still find time to do exercise. Some Americans like ... with energy. Education is one of the strongest emphasis of the American life. Most Americans complete their education step by step. They graduate from high schools, and then go to colleges or universities to contin...

• Word Count: 695
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... . The plot of the story surrounds a young ragged innocent Maggie who struggles through life and changes through the course of events in Rum Alley a tenement district in New York. Maggie and her brothers suffer an intolerable life with abusive alcoholic parents. Maggie and Jimmie were able to survive the horrible life that was dealt to them. In the course of Maggie's life, she turned ... was disgracing the family's good name. Maggie went with Pete believing that he could give her a better life, and respectability. Pete eventually did become bored with Maggie. Pete walked out of her life a...

• Word Count: 715
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... new country because of the years of fighting in Cuba. They left all their friends, relatives, house and career behind, with hoping to build a whole new life in a new country. But life was not easy, there were many things needed to overcome, such as language, food, job and education. Like Maria, when she went to kindergarten with only little English, she couldn't express herself ... was talking about the daily news, I could not understand even one sentence if there was no pictures. I immigrated to America because my parents all lived here. I left China that I was lived there for about th...

• Word Count: 426
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... public library around the world. He translated the writings of Galen, Dioscorides and Aristotle. One of his most impressive translations were the De Materia de Medica. The book was originally written by a Greek named Dioscorides, who is the founder of herbal medicine. Humayun translated it into Arabic. This look then came to Europe when it was translated into latin. Islam also created paper ... . During Islam's expansionist period (610 - 1450) at Talis river Islamic forces won the battle and captured two Chinese papermakers. This allowed Islamic written knowledge to be efficiently transp...

• Word Count: 764
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... were all rejected. Poe had no friends, no job, and he was in financial trouble. In 1835, Poe finally took a job as an editor of a newspaper because of a contest he won with his story, "The Manuscript Found in a Bottle." Then in 1843, he wrote, "The Tell-Tale Heart." and in 1850, "The Oval Portrait." These two stories are short stories ... darkness near one of the bedposts. Also in "The Tell Tale Heart," the narrator doesn't reveal himself to the old man who is afraid of robbers and who keeps his shutters closed. "The room was so dark" that there was no way the old man could see the door...

• Word Count: 882
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... City, NY, in 1941. He was raised in New York City until he attended Holy Cross liberal arts school where he graduated and earned his bachelor's degree. He then later attended the University of California-Riverside where he earned his masters and PhD (Poetry Foundation). He co-founded the Mid-Atlantic review in 1975 with Michael Shannon, but this was not the start ... is just another example of his literary ingenuity. Collins, of course, is no stranger to the fact that the worldviews his poetry as a satirical way, and takes no shame in it. He says, "The literary world is so full of prete...

• Word Count: 898
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School