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Crime and Colonialism in Indigenous AustraliansCrime, criminality and colonialism are all intricately tied together in the Australian Indigenous context. To understand the nature of crime and criminality as it exists today one must understand the context of the history of colonialism and how it relates to both past and present crime. The underlying theme that inextricably bonds the three together is past and present law. It is the influences of British Law on Indigenous Australians post colonialism that have led to the genocide, oppression, racial discrimination, dispossession of land, high rates of incarceration and intergenerational trauma and disadvantages that have plague the Indigenous people of Australia for far too long. This paper will define crime, criminality and colonialism, explore the history of British law and how this has impacted on Indigenous Australians, the present relationship between criminalisation of Indigenous Australians, police and the justice system, rates of incarceration, and how Indigenous Australians |
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Government and American FederalismA decade had passed after operating under the articles of the Confederation when the framers of the Constitution realize that the states had too much power over their citizens, as a result they created a form of government that balances the powers of the states and the central government, with the central government in charge of the important decisions. In the American Constitution there are stipulated powers of what the national government can do, anything that is not specify in this clauses, can be handled by the states governments. Speaking about the Federal system, it is a mix between unitary and confederal forms of government. In the unitary theory the authority of the country lies in the hands of the national, or central, government. Alternatively, the confederal system consists in a league of independent states, in which the central government created by the league has only limited powers over states. Consequently, the American Federalism is a system of government in which |
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What is Happiness?What is happiness? Can happiness truly be defined? The dictionary tells us that it is the state of being happy. But that doesn't tell us much. Happiness is different to every individual on this planet. Different things makes different people happy so the dictionary is forced to be vague. Happiness is just an emotion, therefore, not tangible; but most things that make us happy are and some are not. Happiness is not all about just being happy. It is also the lack of fear and sadness in the world. The feeling you get when you hear that your friend diagnosed with clinical depression had a great day. Or the girl you see crying every day smile for once. We were raised on the saying, "money can't buy you happiness," but for some people it can. Like the homeless man you see sleeping on the side of the road. Give him five dollars for a meal at McDonald's and you will see the glimmer of happiness in his eyes. It could be his first meal he had eaten in weeks. But try and give the same five dollars to someone else who doesn't need it and they might look at you with a confused face and say, "tha |
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Polymer and Plastic Bag Pollution"Data released by the United States Environmental Protection Agency shows that somewhere between 500 billion and a trillion plastic bags are consumed worldwide each year." (Roach) This statistic is shocking but unfortunately true. Many parts of the world contribute to these numbers, one of the main contributors being America. One of the states in America, San Diego, is recently considering to introduce the banning of plastic bags. This ban should be supported to save the environment of San Diego and to set an example for the rest of America and the world. Plastic bags ruin the landscape, clog the sewers, and end up in landfills where they may take a hundred of years or more to break down into smaller pieces that continue to pollute the environment; worst of all they are not biodegradable, and cannot be effectively recycled or incinerated, causing permanent damage. A fraction of the population is ignorant of the harms, neglecting the issue because it does not concern them, or due to sel |
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Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial PerformanceIntroduction In recent decades, companies are paying more and more attention to develop and adopt Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. -i.e. the voluntary integration of social and environmental concerns in their companies' operations and in their interaction with stakeholders (European Commission, 2001). The purpose for the companies to invest heavily in launching CSR initiatives can be various based on different operational conditions. To achieve a better financial performance is one of the major purpose from the companies. However, The extant research so far has failed to give a definitive answer (Margolis, Elfenbein and Walsh, 2007) on how CSR can influence companies' value creation in a positive way. The debate remains among companies' managerial executives, shareholder, financial institutions and other third party stakeholders. Early interpretations holds a pessimistic view on the relationship between CSR and corporate financial performance (CFP). In more recent yea |
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Bio-Psychosoical AssessmentPresenting Problems The client has an extensive sexual abuse history beginning at age 7 which led to the development of PTSD. She reports flashbacks of being frightened in the dark, has a history of self-harm, problems with socializing, and low self-confidence, difficulty sleeping well, sever migraine headaches, and complaints of depression. She has strong urges to self-harm which began last year. The most recent episode led to hospitalization at Fairview Medical Center from July 29, 2014 to August 05, 2014. For suicidal ideations after a possible suicide attempt which required 7 sutures for a cut on her left wrist. She wishes to begin outpatient therapy; per the client, she would like to "feel normal for once in my life", end self-harming, address her trauma issues, and improve her self-esteem. Social History The client is a 17 year old African-American, born in Chicago Illinois now living in Coon Rapids Minnesota, Her primary language is English. She lives with her |
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Independent Journalism in a Democratic SocietyIn the modern Internet Era, information is free, quick and explosive. However, right now, journalism is suffering: cameras smashed; newspapers restricted; publishers closed; journalists punished, threaten, and even killed under order of the government. According to Mapping Digital Media Project's (2014) investigations, this is happening in over 56 countries in the world, such as China, Nicaragua or Bulgaria. This situation is undoubtedly terrifying. In a democratic society, independent journalism should be granted since it not only implies guaranteeing the human´s basic right of freedom of speech, but is also beneficial to people and can function as a reliable intermediate between the government and its citizens. Independent journalism implies a human right which must be granted in every democratic society. As stated in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), every human being has the basic right of expressing their opinions and ideas freely through any media |
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Segregation and Equality - Glory RoadThroughout the fight to end segregation the philosophy of non-violence was very present in the actions of those who fought for integration. In the film Glory Road, Don Haskins is a college basketball coach who strongly, yet non-violently fights for equal rights for his African American players and African Americans everywhere. He believes that no one can take your dignity away from you if you don't let him or her. Haskins took many of the same nonviolent steps that Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. speaks of in his "Letter From Birmingham City Jail" such as determining if there is an injustice, negotiation, self-purification and direct action. With as many beliefs as he shares with Dr. King, Don Haskins' nonviolent beliefs are nothing like those Malcolm X expresses in his speech "On African Self-Hatred", which include the right to violent retaliation. In the Film Glory Road, Don Haskins goes through the steps of determining if there is an injustice and self-purifica |
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Biography of James Arthur BaldwinJames Arthur Baldwin was an American poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, and social critic. He was born August 2, 1924 to Emma Berdis Jones. Baldwin's mother never told him the name of his biological father. Emma Jones left Baldwin's father when Baldwin was a young child because of his father's use of drugs. She then moved to Harlem and married a young preacher by the name of David Baldwin. In James Baldwin's essay he explains the harshness he received from his stepfather compared to his other siblings. His stepfather died the summer of 1943. His funeral was held on the same day as the Harlem Riot of 1943. This day was portray in one of his essays called, "Notes of a Native Son". When Baldwin was fifteen, his high-school friend, Emile Capouya, skipped school one day and, while in Greenwich Village he met Beauford Delaney, a painter. Emile gave James the address, and suggested a visit. James, who worked at a sweatshop nearby and dreaded going home after school, visited Beauf |
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Comparing iPhones with AndroidsOn June 29, 2007, the Apple Company released their first iPhone. Later that same year, Android Incorporated had the unveiling of Android distribution. Both companies have been in major competition ever since. The fist iPhone ever released was on June 28, 2007. So far, Apple Company has released 5 iPhones. iPhone, iPhone 3g, iPhone 3gs, iPhone 4, and iPhone 4s. The iPhone 5 is also expected to be relased in late 2012. Originally, AT&T was the only carrier that provided service to iPhone, but now Verizon and Sprint provide service to iPhone as well. All of the iPhones run on the same software. It is called iOS (iPhone Operating System) which is made from Mac OS X (Macintosh Operating System, Version 10). There are two colors for iPhones; black and white. iPhones are made in the United States, but they are sold in over 70 different countries worldwide. Every time an iPhone is released, there is always an improvement in the phone. The first iPhone was released in small sizes, 4GB and 8G |
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The Chesapeake and New England ColoniesThe first colonists in America were very brave and auspicious people that wanted more than religious freedom. When settlers first came to America, both New England and the Chesapeake were prosperous areas that grew to be very different, though they originated from the same place. The areas developed into places, which differed in economic, social, and religious aspects. In the economic aspect of the two areas, each became very successful, but each had a very different way of how they profited because of their extremely different environments. One of the first colonies, Jamestown, included settlers who looked for gold and silver to earn a profit. The idea of mining for riches that they forgot about their basic needs engulfed them, so they faced a time of starvation because they did not grow a sufficient amount of crops. After this period of starvation, agriculture speedily arose and soon became the main source of income for those that |
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Suzanne Collins - Research EssaySuzanne Collins is an American writer who is able to influence a large range people about the way they look at the society they live in. She comments on our modern world while entertaining readers in the best ways. Her stories include love, adventure and passion and her readers are able to fully connect and empathize with the characters and their stories. Collins has wrote books, plays, movie scripts and TV shows, and this allowed readers of all ages to enjoy her work. Her life has impacted her work so it is very personal to everyone. Collins traveled around the world at a young age, inspiring her to write novels that critics regard as to critical on todays society. Collins was born in Hartford Connecticut in 1962. She was a child in a family of four, two sisters and one brother. Her father was an Airforce Pilot, who thought it was important his children knew all about war. So, along with moving them all around the country for his job, he taught them the ins and outs of war. They lea |
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Maintaining a Growth Mindset in CollegeI have seen many students become discouraged when they face challenges, although they have the potential to successfully complete them. These student see changes at setbacks, not as growth opportunities; this is because they have a fixed mindset, not a growth mindset. In her essay, Brainology, Carol Dweck describes a fixed mindset as seeking intelligence is something that is fixed, and a growth mindset as thinking one's intelligence can grow and change. it is important to have a growth mindset since the mindset one possesses can help shape their success. Having a growth mindset can lead to being a hard worker and being motivated and the fixed mindset can lead to becoming discouraged, and becoming vulnerable to failure. Students that possess a growth mindset are more likely to do better in college and as a result have more success in their careers. As a freshman in college I have met many students who appeared to be talented in certain subject, and sometimes I think I am not as sma |
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Dreams and Reality in Great ExpectationsIn the book "Great Expectations" by Charles Dickens, Pip, Estella, and Miss Havisham all have dreams and certain expectations. Pip and Estella both have great expectations to follow. Although, Estella's expectations are mostly to impress or satisfy Miss Havisham, who adopted Estella. Miss Havisham's expectations have a lot to do with love, and heartbreak. Pip's expectations is to become a wealthy and educated gentlemen. Remember that Pip was raised in an area where education did not come about. Or, was not necessarily needed because he was really excited about becoming apprenticed in Joe's forge. His expectations came to reality when the Jaggers promised Pip a gentlemen's education, and a when he was of age, and large inheritance. "Biddy," said I, after binding her to secrecy, "I want to be a gentleman." (17.24) Even though, Pip says he wants to be a gentlemen, he begi |
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The Civil War: North and SouthHistory is an endless time of wars and peace, at times feels like there is too much of one and not an enough of the other. However there are certain wars that stick out as defining who we are as a people. In recent history a examples, such as World War II with the world standing up to the tyranny and debauchery that was Adolf Hitler's Nazi German. For the United States there are a few examples of wars that defined who we are as a country. First there was the Revolutionary War which the soon to be Americans threw off the yoke of an oppressive English government under the war cry, "no taxation without representation." Then there was the mostly forgotten War of 1812 which we reaffirmed our standing as a true viable country. However, one war stands out above the rest for the United States, the Civil War. The Civil War defined what we were going to be as a country and whether or not we would be able to stand as a shining beacon of light for the rest of the world. The Civil war was |
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America: A Quilt of a Country"America is a mongrel nation built of ever-changing disparate parts, it is held together by a notion that all men are created equal, though everyone knows that most men consider themselves better than someone." Quindlen says the idea of America, the idea that all men are created equal and that we are united as one, is improbable. Improbable, by definition, means 'not likely to be true or to happen'. This is certainly the case seeing as we say "all men are created equal" yet we're not always treated as equals. I agree with Quindlen, the idea that everyone, no matter their culture, ethnicity, skin color, religion, and sexual preference can be treated as equals would be amazing if this was true but unfortunately, it's not. I believe most of this is due to what people think is 'normal' and what's accepted in society today. "What is the point of a nation in which one part seems to be always on the verge of fisticuffs with another, blacks and whites, gays and straights, left and right, Pole and Chinese and Puerto Rican and Slovenian? Other countries with such divisions have in fact divided into new nations with new names, but |
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Psychoactive Drug: CodeineCodeine is one of the least psychoactive drugs in the world. It has many physical effects on the body including drowsiness, constipation, sedation, suppress cough, and also slow down reactions. Codeine is the third most common alkaloid in the opium poppy plant. Codeine is in up to three percent concentration in the opium's sap. The opium sap is obtained by cutting an immature papaverus somniferous and letting the latex drip out. The latex s refined into heroin, morphine, and codeine. Codeine has many different recreational uses. The most common use of codeine is in a mix of promethazine with codeine and sprite or any other carbonated beverage of choice. Codeine is also a base drug of many homemade drugs. Codeine is mixed with pyridine to obtain morphine. This morphine can be acetylated to make heroin. Codeine can be injected intravenously or intramuscularly. A very common and scary drug named Krokodil (desomorphine) uses codeine as it main ingredient, followed by other common household |
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Three Conditions of Kidney DiseaseKidney disease is an overlooked serious condition that isn't paid close enough attention to and in some cases it may be too late, so dialysis care may become someone's last option. There are multiple factors that may contribute to kidney disease and they may come in different forms whether it is dealing with someone's mental health condition, their substance abuse, and many other health conditions. Depression, diabetes, and hypertension are a few main conditions that may lead to kidney disease. I specifically chose these three conditions because I have a few family members that have suffered through this disease and have dealt with all three things. Thankfully my family members have beaten the odds with living on dialysis care for many years, to my knowledge living on dialysis takes a toll on the body. Since I have been placed at the Center for Dialysis Care here in Cleveland for my internship I have gained even more knowledge in such a short period of time. This was an area that I |
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Prime Minister Lester Bowles Pearson For my profile essay I decided to write about Canada's fourteenth Prime Minister Lester Bowles Pearson. I chose him because I remember every time my family would travel to Toronto or fly out of the Pearson Airport I would ask my parents who the Airport was named after. Each time they would reply, "one of Canada's Prime Ministers." This answer didn't exactly cut it for me, I realized he must have some sort of significance if he has an Airport named after him. This profile essay gave me the opportunity to answer one of my childhood questions. So, this is why I chose Lester B. Pearson, to finally answer the question I frequently asked. Lester Pearson was born April 23rd 1897 in York Ontario to his mother Annie Sarah Bowles and father Edwin Arthur Pearson. Lester's father was a Methodist minister and he spent most of his childhood moving around with the church. He was a middle child to his brother Marmaduke, mostly called Duke, and youngest brother Vaughan. This family of f |
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The Innovation of Driverless VehiclesThe innovation age has led to major advancements in new technologies and facilities to society, and these developments have made a revolution in terms of the improvements of transportation. These improvements allow advances of driverless vehicles. It is defined as an autonomous vehicle, which the new technologies make the role of the human and it is not necessary an operator (Alam & Vlacic, 2011), it is also known as intelligent vehicle, unmanned vehicle or autonomous vehicles. This is a new technology that improve transport effects, such as security, productivity, social equity, environmental performance and network operation resilience which is used by different industries as automative, airline and railways, as noted by Fantechi, Flammini and Gnesi, (2014). This essay will examine strategies to develop transport sustainability in terms of driverless vehicles in the rail industry. It will discuss the application focusing on driverless rail system in France and Dubai. It will also ou |
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Gender Equality and StereotypesHave you ever heard someone say "You throw like a girl!" or "Just man up."? Have you ever felt like you had to obtain a certain role in your life because of your gender? Have you ever been discriminated against due to something you said or did because it was not socially accepted by society due to your gender? If you answered yes to any of these questions, you have experienced the inequality of today's gender role issues. It's inevitable that this issue is not small and has been going on for centuries. Millions of people around the world have been affected by gender discrimination. Why was it even an issue to begin with? One of the most common stereotypes among women is that they are the overall caretaker. This stereotype dates back centuries and has always been the norm, until it started to shift a few decades ago. The historic society viewed a woman as the cook, the cleaner, the caretaker, and most importantly; pretty. In the movie A League of their Own, the women on the baseba |
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Georgiana's Clarity in The BirthmarkNathaniel Hawthorne's, "The Birthmark," is a short story about science versus nature. Nature has to be appreciated no matter what its flaws. In the story, Aylmer's obsession with his wife Georgiana's birthmark, also known as, "the crimson stain," (Hawthorne 149), compels him to motivate Georgiana to drink his, "elixir vitae," (Hawthorne 156)-his potion of immortality-which successfully vanishes the birthmark but tragically ends her life. Georgiana, according to Hawthorne, is described as being a beautiful, loving, and noble woman. So the question that is begging to be answered is why did Georgiana give her consent to her husband Aylmer which endangered her life to remove her beauty mark for him? Simply put, what on earth was going on in Georgiana's mind? Georgiana made that fatal decision because she cares for Aylmer's opinions about herself, |
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The Geology of FloridaWe often forget about what surrounds us; we get too caught up in the task at hand or the commotion. We would not be where we are if it was not for our surroundings. Geology has taught me to really see my environment for more than just its current state. Though my family is from Germany, I was born and raised in South Florida so I have decided to investigate further into the geology of Florida, particularly Miami. To begin understanding Florida, it is important that the early history and formation is known. Florida is a peninsula apart of North America. This peninsula is known as the Florida platform because it is a porous plateau of karst limestone that sits on top bedrock. The foundation of the Florida platform came from the African plate over 200 million years ago.1 This occurred during the early Mesozoic Era in which the supercontinent of Pangea began to break apart and a small piece of land became stuck to North America as it separated from Africa. A while later in the period, a th |
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The Advatages of TelevisionOne of the creative innovations of technologies is television, which right until today it is still use widely around the world and watching it is part of our everyday life routine. As we know, almost all technologies possess pros and cons, depending on how we think, use and apply them in our daily work. The same goes to television. If parents give too much freedom to their children to watch television, the kids tend to waste a lot of time, losing to the cartoons world or other entertainment programs. However, when television is watched in moderation, it is extremely valuable, as it provides relaxation, entertainment and education. First of all, watching television can be relaxing. Parents working so hard all day long from office and children back from school and tuition, need something to refresh and revive their energy. Even if it sounds impossible, their mental can at least heal up to distract the tiredness from their physical body. Instead of fixing up tense, watching television can also kill free time, stop boredom |
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Kunden and the Dali LamaOne of the most prominent figures in the Buddhist world, the Dalai Lama is believed to be a reincarnation of a man sent to Earth with the sole purpose of loving all living things and guiding mankind to being better humans. The Dalai Lama will live again and again, as long as life continues, and as we see in the movie "Kundun", the search for each new one is not taken lightly. The boy, Kundun, was originally seen in a vision of the Reagent who was appointed to find him. The Reagent said he [the boy] showed him good signs, and after considerable research a group was sent on a long journey to see if the boy truly was the 14th Dalai Lama. Kundun repeatedly asks his family to tell him the story of his birth and the final time his mother recalls that there were two crows on their roof the day that he was born. We soon learn that the 13th Dalai Lama's family had to evade their home and leave the baby Lama hidden in the house, and upon their arri |
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