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Textbooks for the ESL/EFL ClassroomThis paper aims to discuss the evaluating reading taxtbooks for use in ESL/EFL classrooms. Classroom teachers spend much time using textbooks in class, so choosing an appropriate one is important. Moreover, the paper describes the role of the textbook. Using this will make the textbook selection process more efficient and more reliable. Since the textbook provides teachers with guidance in course and activity design, it assures measure of structures, consistency and logical progression in class; It meets a learner's needs of having something concrete to work from and take home for further study. Introduction What is a textbook? A textbook is a manual of instruction in any branch of study. It is produced according to the demand of educational institutions. Textbooks are published in printed format; many are now available as online electronic books. The ancient Greeks wrote texts intended for education. The modern textbook has its roots in the standardization made possible by the |
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Sylvia Landry - Within Our GateWithin Our Gate is the first silent film ever produced by African- American for African American about race in the United States from 1894 to 1950. This film is the first of forty-four film, which Oscar Micheaux wrote through his life. After 80 minutes, the movie includes many situations about love, betrayal, volunteer, crime, murder, violation, and racism. These are all related with the protagonist, Sylvia Landry, who is an African American young girl. Oscar Micheaux tries to use Sylvia's life to show how the racism and the violation of how white people behave toward black people, who migrated from the South to the North America. Sylvia Landry had a happy family with her parents and her younger brother until racist situations occurred. She was adopted and raised by a poor black family, the Landry's family. Her adopted-mother really loved her, as she "love Sylvia like mother." The younger brother, Emily saw her as "the most perfect girl in the world." Jasper Landr |
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Religion in the Poetry of William BlakeWilliam Blake, one of the greatest Romantic poets, was born in London and lived there most of his life. During his life he witnessed many things that affected him. He acknowledged the power of his country but the poverty prevalent there worried him. He did not go to school but he was taught at home using references from the Holy Bible. Blake was highly critical of the church the government and God because he thought that they could do more to end poverty. He was also disparaging of the injustices that were exposed upon society. He was a very religious man and had a great deal of influence from the Holy Bible. Perhaps the extensive theme of religion in most of his poems can be attributed to this fact. He believed that the soul was split up into two halves, good and bad. In the poem, "Lamb", Blake assumes the role of the teacher or prophet who will lead his people by means of simple catechisms to profound truths. Blake's picture of the lamb is apocalyptic. It is taken |
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Doctrine of the Privity of ContractThe doctrine of the Privity of Contract is that a contract is based upon agreement between or among parties and therefore only the parties to that agreement have consented to contractual responsibility. There however exist contracts conferring benefits upon third parties. The common law reasoned that, first, only a promisee may enforce the promise, meaning that if the third party is not a promisee he is not privy to the contract. Thus if A promises B that, in return for a consideration provided by B, A will do something for C, C is not a promisee and is unable to enforce the promise. Secondly, there is the principle that consideration must move from C. Thus A may make a promise to both B and C, with a consideration provided by B, that he will do something for C's benefit. Here C is clearly a promisee but no consideration has moved from him, meaning C is unable to enforce the promise. The two principles of Privity and Consideration have become entwined, but the Law Commission ha |
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Football: How to Play QuarterbackHow to Play Quarterback If you put the time and effort into these steps, you can become a great quarterback. To be great at the position you will need to spend several hours learning defensive coverages, reading the defense, to have a high football IQ. I assume you know the basics but if you follow these steps you can develop yourself to become a great quarterback in high school, college and even the NFL. Learning the fundamentals of playing quarterback is the first step you will need to know about the quarterback position. Understanding all of the terms and concepts will help you become a great quarterback. Playing quarterback is the most difficult position in football. People might say offensive lineman or linebacker but quarterback is defiantly the most difficult. (http://www.google.com/) Advantages of Playing Quarterback There are a lot a skills you need to play quarterback but it's always good to have some advantages to your game. Such as height. Height at the quarterback pos |
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Supernatural and Gothic Elements in Jane EyreIn spite of having well-developed brains, multifaceted technologies and centuries of technical development, the human species still are a frightened, superstitious lot. Superstitions and belief in the supernatural have been our constant companions throughout. Superstitions and supernatural, it seems, are two things that connects all of human race throughout history and across cultural segregations. Like every other race, the Victorians were a superstitious set of people too. Although, the Victorian age ranging from 1886 perhaps was one of the most industrious of their time. The discovery and invention of the steam engine as well as the abrupt and accelerated advancement of science provided to be the catalyst of revolution in Victorian lives as well as their beliefs. As their lifestyles became more reliant on the "rationalism" of science and its "solid principals", a bizarre attitude started to materialize in the general public; as it had started to become obvious th |
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Being My Unnatural Self"Tweezers, Please" Recently, I was having a conversation with a friend when I brought up how I've been really wanting to try out double eyelid tape to alter my hooded eyelids. She looked at me with a slightly offended face and then told me, in a very subtle way, that I should stay my "natural" self. Now, there's nothing wrong with her having a personal preference and being "natural" certainly has its benefits in a society that seems to equate the use of makeup or ,of any other body modification, as a sign of either self-hatred or narcissism, but her advice made me wonder 'What part of me exactly makes you think that I wanted to look "natural"". And as I looked at my reflection in my phone just after the |
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Qualifications of the DREAM ActWhile they aren't citizens, young people who grew up in the United States and have graduated from U.S. high schools should be given the opportunity to further their education or join the Army if they meet The DREAM Act qualifications. The DREAM Act is a bipartisan law that allows high-achieving illegal immigrants to live the "American Dream"- to get a good education and earn a decent amount of money. This bill gives eligible young immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as children the opportunity to resolve their immigration status and work towards citizenship (America's Voice, Sept. 2010). First introduced in 2001 to Congress, The DREAM Act failed to pass all the way up to 2006 every time it was introduced. In 2010, an edited version of the bill was introduced to Congress, but was only passed in the House of Representatives. Even though this law would be very beneficial, most Republicans still have stereotypical views of illegal immigrants and refuse to pass the bill. In January of 2015 in Virginia, The DREAM Act legislature was debated about but still failed to pass, even though there were |
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Cheeshahteaumuck, Indians and White SettlersCaleb's Crossing is a novel about Cheeshateaumeuck, who was the first Native American to graduate from Harvard University. Caleb meets a girl named Bethia in what is now Martha's Vineyard, who came from England to escape religious persecution. They give each other names, Cheeshateaumeuck calls her Stormy Eyes, and Bethia calls him Caleb (this is where we get the title "Caleb's Crossing"). Bethia eventually gets Caleb to convert to Christianity, and he lives in Bethia's house to study under her father. He is studying with another Indian student named Joel, and Bethia's brother Makepeace. While they are studying Bethia is denied the chance to do so too. During a sea voyage Bethia's father dies, so now they are left without a father and a teacher. Makepeace gets a tutor in Cambridge, both Joel and Caleb goes too. They strive at school and then Caleb and Joel move on to Harvard, where they both die around graduation time. Bethia marries Samuel Corlet and lives an easy domestic l |
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Immigration of My FamilyMy dad came from Ghana, to America, in 2001, with my mother and I. When we were still in Ghana, my dad worked at the Bank of Ghana. He was being paid, very well at the time. In Ghana, we lived in a very nice house, even though most people think that African houses are all made of mud. My mother was a house wife. My dad came back from work at 5:00, and went to church at 6:00. Then, he got a letter saying that he won the lottery, for a school he applied for in America, and that he was able to come, expenses paid. At that time, he was very happy, because, he got a chance to further his education. I didn't have any emotion at that time, because I was too young to understand what was going on. So, the journey had just started. First, he had to quit his job, and we had to pack for the trip to America. My parents thought that they would come back to Africa, but then, they thought, let's just start afresh. We went to the airport. We boarded the plane, and we set out to America. 14 hours later, we finally got to America, and we didn't know what to do, or where to |
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The Armenian GenocideFrom April of 1915 to 1917, the Ottoman empire began a process of eliminating its Armenian population by a mass genocide or "ethnic cleansing." At the time, the first World War was already occurring, which turned out to be the original spark that would cause the carnage to flare. Thomas de Waal states in his article The G-Word that "the Ottoman Empire began a brutal campaign of deporting and destroying its ethnic Armenian community, whom it accused of supporting Russia, a World War I enemy. More than a million Armenians died." (Waal, The G-Word). He goes on to talk about how recognizing it as a "genocide" comes with much tension and opposition today. As a whole, much went into the start of the Armenian Genocide along with the events that occurred during it, the actions that were taken to stop it, and the effects it has caused in the world up to today. The Armenian Genocide was caused by a mixture of racism toward the Armenians, anger towards military los |
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My Perspective on Women's RightsMy name is ______________. I'm just a teenage girl, 16 years of age, doing this as a class assignment. I honestly don't know whether or not you will be reading this, but if you do I really hope at the end I have made you see the world in a different light. In the perspective that I see the world. I am a feminist and a very strong believer to equal rights. I know that female rights are a really big topic right now and I am sure that you have heard a lot about it. But I believe that when a teenage girl has chosen to write about inequality and feels that such thing will affect her life choices, then it should be taken as a notice that there is something wrong with our society. Women struggle through so much, such as over-sexualization, women censorship, rape victim blame, and of course the wage gap between women and men. Yet though this has been happening for so long, nothing has changed. Over sexualization of the female body. Women seen as objects. How will this affect younger girls? W |
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Themes in The Scarlet LetterIs truth absolute or relative? "Now, good Sir, our Massachusetts magistracy, bethinking themselves that this woman is youthful and fair, and doubtless was strongly tempted to her fall -- and that, moreover, as is most likely, her husband may be at the bottom of the sea;--have not been bold to put in force the extremity of our righteous law against her. The penalty is thereof death" (Hawthorne 56). Different cultural upbringings and different thoughts influence truths to be understood differently. The Puritan belief encompasses that an adulterer must be put to death, yet instead, the ministers did not enforce their laws completely like the way it was meant to be. In a sense they did kill her, not by hanging, but by turning her and her child into social outcasts. ""Thy Heavenly Father sent thee!" answered Hester Prynne. [....] "He did not send me! cried she, positively. "I have no Heavenly Father!'' (88). Pearl wanted to know where she came from and He |
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Censorship in Brave New WorldCensorship is widely used to control people, which is an effective way to control the information people receive and can be used to achieve several purposes. Censorship serves several purposes in the society of Brave New World. The government's censorship of history and family ensures citizens of the Brave New World abide by their standards. Knowledge of history is very limited to the citizens of the World State. The World State blocks access to selected history to keep the citizens in place. Lack of knowledge of the past leads the citizens to believe that a long term relationship is inappropriate . Long term relationships are what people today aim for; in Brave New World however, they are looked upon with disgust. Fanny tries to talk sense into Lenina, "'Again?' Fanny's kinds, rather moon-like face took on and incongruous expression of pained and disapproving astonishment. 'Do you mean to tell me you're still going out with Henry Foster?'...'It's such horribly bad form to go on and |
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The First Letter to the CorinthiansIt has come to a general consensus among scholars that 1 Corinthians was written by the important Christian missionary Paul sometime in the decade of 50 A.D. It was written as a series of letters to the people of Corinth, Greece, an area in which Paul had worked to convert both Jews and Gentiles to the Christian faith. He wrote these letters to express his belief towards the immorality of the Corinthian church, which he felt was deprived of guidance for many years. Paul chose to write these letters in an effort to convey the word of Jesus and to strengthen their belief towards the Lord and savior of this Earth. One chapter I found most interesting in his letters was chapter 15 in which Paul discusses the resurrection of Jesus. This is the one of the most significant issues concerning nearly all religions, and it concerns the fate of man following their death. Paul believed that the inevitable resurrection of the body must be trusted through faith and he did what he could to reassure th |
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Types of Literary TheoriesLiterary Theory Is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for analyzing literature. The word "theory" has become an approach to reading texts. The modern sense of "literary theory" dates only to approximately the 1950s, when the structuralist linguists Ferdinand de Saussure began strongly to influence English language criticism. Critical Theories Deal with knowledge through interpretation to understand the meaning of human text and symbolic expressions including interpretation of texts themselves interpret other texts. New Criticism Was a formalist movement in literary theory that dominated literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. According to new criticism, the literary text contains its own meaning within itself. Text is unified whole. There is nothing outside the text, everything is within the text. So for reader, there is no need to look outside the text. It doesn't require any elaborate process of placing it |
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Enterprises and Corporate Social ResponsibilitiesRecently, all social and environmental problems or issues have become important and crucial aspects for every business enterprise. Companies have a big influence and impact in the community and the economy of a country for it affects all areas of life within a society, therefore both profit and societal well-being must have an equal value for every enterprise. As it was said by Sigmar Gabriel the German Federal Minister for the Environment, how companies act has a big influence not just on the prospects of the individual but also on the ability of a society as a whole to realize its potential and shape a brighter future. Consequently, entrepreneurial activity has always borne a pronounced responsibility for social development and Corporate Social Responsibility provides an intelligent way to combine economically viable development, social responsibility and conservation of natural resources1 There is no universally acceptable definition for CSR since there are many elaborated variants |
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Ancient Civilization - SumerSumer, also known as Shumer and Shinar, was an ancient civilization that existed until about 1940 BCE. It was located in the southern region of the fertile crescent (Mesopotamia, or modern day Iraq), an area that was bordered by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Sumerian written history goes back to about 2700 BCE but is vague until about 2300 BCE. They lived peacefully through the Ubaid period. During the Ubaid period, the first Mesopotamian settlement of Eridu was founded in 5300 BCE. It was founded by farmers. They were the first people to use irrigation trenches. The Ubaid period was marked by beautifully painted pottery. After the Ubaid Period came the Uruk Period, which started around 4000 BCE. The Uruk Period was marked by a transition to more simple, unpainted pottery. The Sumerians of the Uruk period dug canals, and used those canals and rivers for transport and trade. This resulted in a lot of temple based Sumerian cities throughout southern Mesopotamia. The canals made t |
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European Union - International OrganizationThe European Union is an economic and political partnership between 28 countries where certain decisions are settle through intergovernmental organizations or institutions. The European Union is value of respect for human dignity, democracy, freedom and equality, also the rule of law and respect for human right, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities. The advantages of being in the European Union are low prices of the "Single Market" that is where all countries can buy product at low price and there are no charges when it comes to custom tax. Custom tax is mostly charged when goods are transported or sold between states or countries but is not applied among member countries "(cbp.gov)". Secondly citizens are free to move from one country to another and they can freely study, travel, work, or live in a European country, this opens up more job opportunities especially to those people who are in poor countries. Thirdly there is not conflict between mem |
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Machiavelli and Realism - The Prince"About 500 years ago modern political thinking began, It's enticing surface was the idea of, 'realism.' Its ruthless center was the idea that with a worthwhile end, one could justify any mean. Its spokesman was Nicolo Machiavelli," (Zinn). Yes, Machiavelli wanted to serve the people. However his main goal was national power, conquest, and control. He was not afraid to carry out his actions with force if needed. He demonstrated his ideas in, "The Prince," to appeal to the monarchy that was all about dominance and wealth. Today that most men are power hungry and want control, but main object of a democratic America is subjectively the welfare of the people. The president, overall, is meant to protect the rights of life, liberty, equality, and the pursuit of happiness. Even though America does fall under monarchy rule, our democracy uses Machiavelli's idea of force when certain strategies fail and self-defense is at risk. This is true in the case of bombing Japan. Are these means justified? Do these tactics work in a democracy? This essay explains that not necessarily. To really understand the emersion of Machiavelli |
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10 Mary Street and Feliks SkryzneckiDue to the complex and abstract nature of the concept of belonging, a true sense of belonging can be found in different circumstances for a variety of people. As each individual has their own desires, needs, and values, they find their place in society to gain a genuine sense of belonging. These individuals may attain the same sense of belonging by outside relationships, though their connections via place and culture, or within themselves. Peter Skrzynecki's poems, "10 Mary Street," and, "Feliks Skrzynecki," are two texts exploring belonging and different meanings through language techniques. Many individuals find the strongest sense of belonging through relationships, due to the fact that by nature these connections fulfill the human need for social interaction and improve the lives of the persons involved. Skrzynecki's poem, "Feliks Skrzynecki," explores the concept of belonging. It highlights that man has the choice to include himself in a com |
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Immigration and Mexican Migrant WorkersMexican migrant workers have played a crucial role in the economy of the United States; there has always been a heavy flow of legal and illegal immigrants with the hopes of finding a happier life in the U.S. These immigrants face great struggles in finding a well-suited job to help them financially provide for their families. Consequently, they resort to low-income jobs working in the fields to earn an income. I'm interested in why these migrant workers cannot find a job in Mexico and need to come to California and the physical and mental problems that result from working in the fields. I've wanted to know if the people that are hiring these migrant workers abuse them or not. What is "licensed migrant farmworker housing" in California like? I'm pretty sure that most migrant workers live in bad conditions but I'd want to know more information, such as how clean their homes are or if cleaning water actually run through the house. Lastly, while these migrant workers are working for differ |
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Thailand - The Sukhothai KingdomBefore the Sulhothai Kingdom was founded, Sukhothai was under control of Khmer empire. In 1237, the ruler of Sukhothai was drive out the Khmer empire and set up an independent Thai Kingdom called "Sukhothai Kingdom," and after drive out the Khmer empire, Sukhothai was expanded their power to all directions by the first king of Sukhothai name "Sri Inthrathit." In Sukhothai period the king had developed the nation by setting the rules to manage the social, economy, religion and government. But, after 1584, Sukhothai was occurred the important situation that some groups of nobleman were fought over to take the power over the king and Sukhothai was collapsed by that cause. Government System In the period of king Ramkamheang, the government system of this period was paternalistic that the king would be treated the people like father and son that when someone had the problem, they can rang the bell in front of the palace to ask for the king's help. The king would adjudg |
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A Comparison of Central American LeadersGeneral Antonio López de Santa Anna and Simón Bolívar were great leaders in Central America during the 19th century. Both helped shape Central America as we know it, albeit in differing ways. Comparing "Memoirs of General Antonio López de Santa Anna" with "The Jamaica Letters" reveals a sharp contrast between the beliefs and ultimate goals of de Santa Anna and Bolívar, respectively. These differences are demonstrated through the perception of their individual roles in current events, their political outlooks, and their aspirations. The first major distinction lies in how they perceived their personal roles in current events. De Santa Anna viewed his involvement as crucial to the workings of the government. This is evidenced through his recollections of briefly resigning office. He describes both the public and his friends begging him to reconsider. De Santa Anna ends the paragraph by stating, "Their pleas led me to sacrifice myself to the public good. |
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The Bombing of HiroshimaOn August 6, 1945 and August 9, 1945 were days in history like no other (Alperovitz 2). Only one country in history has ever used an atomic bomb against another nation, the United States of America, code named the Manhattan Project (Lewis 1). The atomic bombs were being developed to use against Japan towards the end of World War II. The United States was completely justified in dropping the bombs on Japan. President Truman's decision to drop the bombs, "Little Boy" and "Fat Man", on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was because he wanted to end the war quickly with little loss of American life, because it was designed to scare the USSR and because Japan's leaders refused to surrender. After the devastating attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan, Truman's primary objective was to end the war quickly with little loss of American life. He was looking for a way to end it quickly and painlessly, and was looking for a way to avoid using a bomb. A letter was sent to U.S. President Fra |
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